$polygon

  • 08/14/2025

The $polygon operator defines a polygon for geospatial queries, allowing you to find locations within an irregular shape. The operator is useful for querying locations within complex geographical boundaries.

Syntax

{
  <location field>: {
    $geoWithin: {
      $geometry: {
        type: "Polygon",
        coordinates: [
          [[<longitude1>, <latitude1>], ..., [<longitudeN>, <latitudeN>], [<longitude1>, <latitude1>]]
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

Parameters

Parameter Description
location field The field containing the geospatial data
coordinates An array of coordinate pairs forming the polygon. The first and last points must be identical to close the polygon

Example

The query retrieves stores that fall inside a custom polygon region based on the coordinates provided.

db.stores.find({
  location: {
    $geoWithin: {
      $geometry: {
        type: "Polygon",
        coordinates: [[
          [-141.9922, 16.8331],  // VanArsdel Picture Frame Store
          [-112.7858, -29.1866], // First Up Consultants Microphone Bazaar
          [-38.4071, -47.2548],  // Fabrikam Car Accessory Outlet
          [-141.9922, 16.8331]   // Close the polygon by repeating first point
        ]]
      }
    }
  }
},
{
  name: 1,
  location: 1
}).limit(2)

The query returns two stores lying within the region.s

{
    "_id": "4a417727-a002-4c80-a01f-bc9526b300a5",
    "name": "Northwind Traders | Bed and Bath Deals - East Duane",
    "location": {
      "type": "Point",
      "coordinates": [-46.1444, -60.9697]
    }
  },
  {
    "_id": "1e27040c-7242-4970-8893-e5738e1bc1ca",
    "name": "Northwind Traders | Seasonal Decoration Bazaar - Cassidyberg",
    "location": {
      "type": "Point",
      "coordinates": [-44.3617, -81.2186]
    }
  }

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