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In this quickstart, you use Terraform to create private DNS zones, network interfaces, Windows virtual machines, a private DNS A record, network security groups, and a network security rule in Azure.
Terraform enables the definition, preview, and deployment of cloud infrastructure. Using Terraform, you create configuration files using HCL syntax. The HCL syntax allows you to specify the cloud provider - such as China - and the elements that make up your cloud infrastructure. After you create your configuration files, you create an execution plan that allows you to preview your infrastructure changes before they're deployed. Once you verify the changes, you apply the execution plan to deploy the infrastructure.
- Create an Azure resource group with a unique name.
- Establish a virtual network with a specified name and address.
- Set up a subnet within the created virtual network.
- Create a private DNS zone.
- Generate random passwords for the virtual machines.
- Create two network interfaces.
- Create two Windows virtual machines, and attach the network interfaces.
- Create a private DNS A record.
- Create a network security group and a network security rule to allow ICMP traffic.
- Output the names and admin credentials of the virtual machines.
Create an Azure account with an active subscription. You can create an account for trial.
Note
The sample code for this article is located in the Azure Terraform GitHub repo. You can view the log file containing the test results from current and previous versions of Terraform.
See more articles and sample code showing how to use Terraform to manage Azure resources.
Create a directory in which to test and run the sample Terraform code, and make it the current directory.
Create a file named
main.tf
, and insert the following code:
# Resource Group
resource "random_pet" "rg_name" {
separator = "-"
}
resource "azurerm_resource_group" "rg" {
location = var.resource_group_location
name = "${var.resource_group_name_prefix}-${random_pet.rg_name.id}"
}
# Random String for unique naming
resource "random_string" "name" {
length = 8
special = false
upper = false
lower = true
numeric = false
}
# Virtual Network
resource "azurerm_virtual_network" "vnet" {
name = "vnet-${random_string.name.result}"
address_space = var.address_space
location = azurerm_resource_group.rg.location
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
}
# Subnet
resource "azurerm_subnet" "subnet" {
name = "subnet-${random_string.name.result}"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
virtual_network_name = azurerm_virtual_network.vnet.name
address_prefixes = var.address_prefixes
}
# Private DNS Zone
resource "azurerm_private_dns_zone" "dns_zone" {
name = var.private_dns_zone_name
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
}
# Private DNS Zone Virtual Network Link
resource "azurerm_private_dns_zone_virtual_network_link" "dsn_vnet_link" {
name = "dns-vnet-link-${random_string.name.result}"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
private_dns_zone_name = azurerm_private_dns_zone.dns_zone.name
virtual_network_id = azurerm_virtual_network.vnet.id
}
# Random Passwords for VMs
resource "random_password" "vm1_admin_password" {
length = 16
special = true
}
resource "random_password" "vm2_admin_password" {
length = 16
special = true
}
# Network Interfaces
resource "azurerm_network_interface" "nic1" {
name = "nic1-${random_string.name.result}"
location = azurerm_resource_group.rg.location
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
ip_configuration {
name = "internal"
subnet_id = azurerm_subnet.subnet.id
private_ip_address_allocation = "Dynamic"
}
}
resource "azurerm_network_interface" "nic2" {
name = "nic2-${random_string.name.result}"
location = azurerm_resource_group.rg.location
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
ip_configuration {
name = "internal"
subnet_id = azurerm_subnet.subnet.id
private_ip_address_allocation = "Dynamic"
}
}
# Windows Virtual Machines
resource "azurerm_windows_virtual_machine" "vm1" {
name = "vm1-${random_string.name.result}"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.rg.location
size = "Standard_F2"
admin_username = var.admin_username
admin_password = random_password.vm1_admin_password.result
network_interface_ids = [
azurerm_network_interface.nic1.id,
]
os_disk {
caching = "ReadWrite"
storage_account_type = "Standard_LRS"
}
source_image_reference {
publisher = "MicrosoftWindowsServer"
offer = "WindowsServer"
sku = "2019-Datacenter"
version = "latest"
}
# Make idempotent
vm_agent_platform_updates_enabled = true
}
resource "azurerm_windows_virtual_machine" "vm2" {
name = "vm2-${random_string.name.result}"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.rg.location
size = "Standard_F2"
admin_username = var.admin_username
admin_password = random_password.vm1_admin_password.result
network_interface_ids = [
azurerm_network_interface.nic2.id,
]
os_disk {
caching = "ReadWrite"
storage_account_type = "Standard_LRS"
}
source_image_reference {
publisher = "MicrosoftWindowsServer"
offer = "WindowsServer"
sku = "2019-Datacenter"
version = "latest"
}
# Make idempotent
vm_agent_platform_updates_enabled = true
}
# Private DNS A Record
resource "azurerm_private_dns_a_record" "pdar" {
name = "test"
zone_name = azurerm_private_dns_zone.dns_zone.name
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
ttl = 300
records = [azurerm_windows_virtual_machine.vm1.private_ip_address]
}
# Network Security Group
resource "azurerm_network_security_group" "nsg" {
name = "nsg-${random_string.name.result}"
location = azurerm_resource_group.rg.location
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
}
# Network Security Rule
resource "azurerm_network_security_rule" "nsr_icmp" {
name = "Allow-ICMP"
priority = 100
direction = "Inbound"
access = "Allow"
protocol = "Icmp"
source_port_range = "*"
destination_port_range = "*"
source_address_prefix = "*"
destination_address_prefix = "*"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
network_security_group_name = azurerm_network_security_group.nsg.name
}
- Create a file named
outputs.tf
, and insert the following code:
output "resource_group_name" {
value = azurerm_resource_group.rg.name
}
output "windows_virtual_machine_1_name" {
value = azurerm_windows_virtual_machine.vm1.name
}
output "windows_virtual_machine_2_name" {
value = azurerm_windows_virtual_machine.vm2.name
}
output "windows_virtual_machine_1_password" {
value = azurerm_windows_virtual_machine.vm1.admin_password
sensitive = true
}
output "windows_virtual_machine_2_password" {
value = azurerm_windows_virtual_machine.vm2.admin_password
sensitive = true
}
output "windows_virtual_machine_1_admin_username" {
value = azurerm_windows_virtual_machine.vm1.admin_username
sensitive = true
}
output "windows_virtual_machine_2_admin_username" {
value = azurerm_windows_virtual_machine.vm2.admin_username
sensitive = true
}
- Create a file named
providers.tf
, and insert the following code:
terraform {
required_version = ">=1.0"
required_providers {
azurerm = {
source = "hashicorp/azurerm"
version = "~>3.0"
}
random = {
source = "hashicorp/random"
version = "~>3.0"
}
}
}
provider "azurerm" {
features {}
environment = "china"
}
- Create a file named
variables.tf
, and insert the following code:
variable "resource_group_location" {
type = string
default = "chinanorth3"
description = "Location of the resource group."
}
variable "resource_group_name_prefix" {
type = string
default = "rg"
description = "Prefix of the resource group name that's combined with a random ID so name is unique in your Azure subscription."
}
variable "address_space" {
type = list(string)
default = ["10.0.0.0/16"]
description = "The address space that is used the virtual network."
}
variable "address_prefixes" {
type = list(string)
default = ["10.0.2.0/24"]
description = "The address prefixes to use for the subnet"
}
variable "private_dns_zone_name" {
type = string
default = "private.contoso.com"
description = "The name of the Private DNS Zone. Must be a valid domain name. Changing this value forces a new resource to be created."
}
variable "admin_username" {
type = string
default = "adminuser"
description = "The username for the Windows virtual machines."
}
Run terraform init to initialize the Terraform deployment. This command downloads the Azure provider required to manage your Azure resources.
terraform init -upgrade
Key points:
- The
-upgrade
parameter upgrades the necessary provider plugins to the newest version that complies with the configuration's version constraints.
Run terraform plan to create an execution plan.
terraform plan -out main.tfplan
Key points:
- The
terraform plan
command creates an execution plan, but doesn't execute it. Instead, it determines what actions are necessary to create the configuration specified in your configuration files. This pattern allows you to verify whether the execution plan matches your expectations before making any changes to actual resources. - The optional
-out
parameter allows you to specify an output file for the plan. Using the-out
parameter ensures that the plan you reviewed is exactly what is applied.
Run terraform apply to apply the execution plan to your cloud infrastructure.
terraform apply main.tfplan
Key points:
- The example
terraform apply
command assumes you previously ranterraform plan -out main.tfplan
. - If you specified a different filename for the
-out
parameter, use that same filename in the call toterraform apply
. - If you didn't use the
-out
parameter, callterraform apply
without any parameters.
- Run
az network private-dns zone list
to view all DNS zones and find yours.
az network private-dns zone list --output table
- Run
az network private-dns zone show
to view the resource group associate with your DNS zone.
az network private-dns zone show --name $dnsZoneName --resource-group $resourceGroupName
When you no longer need the resources created via Terraform, do the following steps:
- Run terraform plan and specify the
destroy
flag.
terraform plan -destroy -out main.destroy.tfplan
Key points:
- The
terraform plan
command creates an execution plan, but doesn't execute it. Instead, it determines what actions are necessary to create the configuration specified in your configuration files. This pattern allows you to verify whether the execution plan matches your expectations before making any changes to actual resources. - The optional
-out
parameter allows you to specify an output file for the plan. Using the-out
parameter ensures that the plan you reviewed is exactly what is applied.
- Run terraform apply to apply the execution plan.
terraform apply main.destroy.tfplan