Use Azure VM Image Builder to access an existing Azure virtual network
Applies to: ✔️ Windows VMs
This article shows you how to use Azure VM Image Builder to create a basic, customized Windows image that has access to existing resources on a virtual network. The build virtual machine (VM) you create is deployed to a new or existing virtual network that you specify in your subscription. When you use an existing Azure virtual network, VM Image Builder doesn't require public network connectivity.
Set variables and permissions
For this task, you use some pieces of information repeatedly. Create some variables to store that information.
# Step 1: Import module
Import-Module Az.Accounts
# Step 2: get existing context
$currentAzContext = Get-AzContext
# destination image resource group
$imageResourceGroup="aibImageRG"
# location (see possible locations in main docs)
$location="chinanorth3"
## if you need to change your subscription: Get-AzSubscription / Select-AzSubscription -SubscriptionName
# get subscription, this will get your current subscription
$subscriptionID=$currentAzContext.Subscription.Id
# name of the image to be created
$imageName="win2019image01"
# image distribution metadata reference name
$runOutputName="win2019ManImg02ro"
# image template name
$imageTemplateName="window2019VnetTemplate03"
# distribution properties object name (runOutput), i.e. this gives you the properties of the managed image on completion
$runOutputName="winSvrSigR01"
# VNET properties (update to match your existing virtual network, or leave as-is for demo)
# VNET name
$vnetName="myexistingvnet01"
# subnet name
$subnetName="subnet01"
# VNET resource group name
$vnetRgName="existingVnetRG"
# Existing Subnet NSG Name or the demo will create it
$nsgName="aibdemoNsg"
# NOTE! The virtual network must always be in the same region as the VM Image Builder service region.
Create the resource group.
New-AzResourceGroup -Name $imageResourceGroup -Location $location
Configure networking
If you don't have an existing virtual network, subnet, or network security group (NSG), use the following script to create one.
New-AzResourceGroup -Name $vnetRgName -Location $location
## Create base NSG to simulate an existing NSG
New-AzNetworkSecurityGroup -Name $nsgName -ResourceGroupName $vnetRgName -location $location
$nsg = Get-AzNetworkSecurityGroup -Name $nsgName -ResourceGroupName $vnetRgName
$subnet = New-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig -Name $subnetName -AddressPrefix "10.0.1.0/24" -PrivateLinkServiceNetworkPoliciesFlag "Disabled" -NetworkSecurityGroup $nsg
New-AzVirtualNetwork -Name $vnetName -ResourceGroupName $vnetRgName -Location $location -AddressPrefix "10.0.0.0/16" -Subnet $subnet
## NOTE! The virtual network must always be in the same region as the VM Image Builder service region.
Add an NSG rule
This rule allows connectivity from the VM Image Builder load balancer to the proxy VM. Port 60001 is for Linux, and port 60000 is for Windows. The proxy VM connects to the build VM by using port 22 for Linux, or port 5986 for Windows.
Get-AzNetworkSecurityGroup -Name $nsgName -ResourceGroupName $vnetRgName | Add-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig -Name AzureImageBuilderAccess -Description "Allow Image Builder Private Link Access to Proxy VM" -Access Allow -Protocol Tcp -Direction Inbound -Priority 400 -SourceAddressPrefix AzureLoadBalancer -SourcePortRange * -DestinationAddressPrefix VirtualNetwork -DestinationPortRange 60000-60001 | Set-AzNetworkSecurityGroup
Disable private service policy on the subnet
Here's how:
$virtualNetwork= Get-AzVirtualNetwork -Name $vnetName -ResourceGroupName $vnetRgName
($virtualNetwork | Select -ExpandProperty subnets | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $subnetName} ).privateLinkServiceNetworkPolicies = "Disabled"
$virtualNetwork | Set-AzVirtualNetwork
For more information, see Azure VM Image Builder networking options.
Modify the example template and create role
After you configure networking, you can modify the example template and create a role. Here's how:
$templateUrl="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azure/azvmimagebuilder/master/quickquickstarts/1a_Creating_a_Custom_Win_Image_on_Existing_VNET/existingVNETWindows.json"
$templateFilePath = "existingVNETWindows.json"
$aibRoleNetworkingUrl="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azure/azvmimagebuilder/master/solutions/12_Creating_AIB_Security_Roles/aibRoleNetworking.json"
$aibRoleNetworkingPath = "aibRoleNetworking.json"
$aibRoleImageCreationUrl="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azure/azvmimagebuilder/master/solutions/12_Creating_AIB_Security_Roles/aibRoleImageCreation.json"
$aibRoleImageCreationPath = "aibRoleImageCreation.json"
# download configs
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $templateUrl -OutFile $templateFilePath -UseBasicParsing
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $aibRoleNetworkingUrl -OutFile $aibRoleNetworkingPath -UseBasicParsing
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $aibRoleImageCreationUrl -OutFile $aibRoleImageCreationPath -UseBasicParsing
# update AIB image config template
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<subscriptionID>',$subscriptionID) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<rgName>',$imageResourceGroup) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<region>',$location) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<runOutputName>',$runOutputName) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<imageName>',$imageName) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<vnetName>',$vnetName) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<subnetName>',$subnetName) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<vnetRgName>',$vnetRgName) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
Create a user-assigned identity and set permissions
Next, you create a user-assigned identity and set permissions. Here's how:
# setup role def names, these need to be unique
$timeInt=$(get-date -UFormat "%s")
$imageRoleDefName="Azure Image Builder Image Def"+$timeInt
$networkRoleDefName="Azure Image Builder Network Def"+$timeInt
$idenityName="aibIdentity"+$timeInt
# create user identity
## Add AZ PS module to support AzUserAssignedIdentity
Install-Module -Name Az.ManagedServiceIdentity
# create identity
New-AzUserAssignedIdentity -ResourceGroupName $imageResourceGroup -Name $idenityName
$idenityNameResourceId=$(Get-AzUserAssignedIdentity -ResourceGroupName $imageResourceGroup -Name $idenityName).Id
$idenityNamePrincipalId=$(Get-AzUserAssignedIdentity -ResourceGroupName $imageResourceGroup -Name $idenityName).PrincipalId
# update template with identity
((Get-Content -path $templateFilePath -Raw) -replace '<imgBuilderId>',$idenityNameResourceId) | Set-Content -Path $templateFilePath
# update the role defintion names
((Get-Content -path $aibRoleImageCreationPath -Raw) -replace 'Azure Image Builder Service Image Creation Role',$imageRoleDefName) | Set-Content -Path $aibRoleImageCreationPath
((Get-Content -path $aibRoleNetworkingPath -Raw) -replace 'Azure Image Builder Service Networking Role',$networkRoleDefName) | Set-Content -Path $aibRoleNetworkingPath
# update role definitions
((Get-Content -path $aibRoleNetworkingPath -Raw) -replace '<subscriptionID>',$subscriptionID) | Set-Content -Path $aibRoleNetworkingPath
((Get-Content -path $aibRoleNetworkingPath -Raw) -replace '<vnetRgName>',$vnetRgName) | Set-Content -Path $aibRoleNetworkingPath
((Get-Content -path $aibRoleImageCreationPath -Raw) -replace '<subscriptionID>',$subscriptionID) | Set-Content -Path $aibRoleImageCreationPath
((Get-Content -path $aibRoleImageCreationPath -Raw) -replace '<rgName>', $imageResourceGroup) | Set-Content -Path $aibRoleImageCreationPath
# create role definitions from role configurations examples, this avoids granting contributor to the SPN
New-AzRoleDefinition -InputFile ./aibRoleImageCreation.json
New-AzRoleDefinition -InputFile ./aibRoleNetworking.json
# grant role definition to image builder user identity
New-AzRoleAssignment -ObjectId $idenityNamePrincipalId -RoleDefinitionName $imageRoleDefName -Scope "/subscriptions/$subscriptionID/resourceGroups/$imageResourceGroup"
New-AzRoleAssignment -ObjectId $idenityNamePrincipalId -RoleDefinitionName $networkRoleDefName -Scope "/subscriptions/$subscriptionID/resourceGroups/$vnetRgName"
For more information, see Configure Azure VM Image Builder permissions by using the Azure CLI or Configure Azure VM Image Builder permissions by using PowerShell.
Create the image
Submit the image configuration to Azure VM Image Builder.
New-AzResourceGroupDeployment -ResourceGroupName $imageResourceGroup -TemplateFile $templateFilePath -api-version "2020-02-14" -imageTemplateName $imageTemplateName -svclocation $location
Note
This will take a minute, as validation is run in regards to security, dependenciec, etc.
Start the image build.
Invoke-AzResourceAction -ResourceName $imageTemplateName -ResourceGroupName $imageResourceGroup -ResourceType Microsoft.VirtualMachineImages/imageTemplates -ApiVersion "2020-02-14" -Action Run -Force
Get build status and properties
First, you query the image template for current or last run status, and for image template settings.
$managementEp = $currentAzureContext.Environment.ResourceManagerUrl
$urlBuildStatus = [System.String]::Format("{0}subscriptions/{1}/resourceGroups/$imageResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.VirtualMachineImages/imageTemplates/{2}?api-version=2020-02-14", $managementEp, $currentAzureContext.Subscription.Id,$imageTemplateName)
$buildStatusResult = Invoke-WebRequest -Method GET -Uri $urlBuildStatus -UseBasicParsing -Headers @{"Authorization"= ("Bearer " + $accessToken)} -ContentType application/json
$buildJsonStatus =$buildStatusResult.Content
$buildJsonStatus
The image build for this example takes approximately 50 minutes (including multiple reboots and Windows updates). When you query the status, look for lastRunStatus. The following code shows that the build is still running. If it had completed successfully, it would show succeeded.
"lastRunStatus": {
"startTime": "2019-08-21T00:39:40.61322415Z",
"endTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
"runState": "Running",
"runSubState": "Building",
"message": ""
},
Query the distribution properties
If you're distributing to a VHD location, need managed image location properties, or Azure Compute Gallery replications status, you need to query runOutput. Every time you have a distribution target, you will have a unique runOutput, to describe properties of the distribution type.
$managementEp = $currentAzureContext.Environment.ResourceManagerUrl
$urlRunOutputStatus = [System.String]::Format("{0}subscriptions/{1}/resourceGroups/$imageResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.VirtualMachineImages/imageTemplates/$imageTemplateName/runOutputs/{2}?api-version=2020-02-14", $managementEp, $currentAzureContext.Subscription.Id, $runOutputName)
$runOutStatusResult = Invoke-WebRequest -Method GET -Uri $urlRunOutputStatus -UseBasicParsing -Headers @{"Authorization"= ("Bearer " + $accessToken)} -ContentType application/json
$runOutJsonStatus =$runOutStatusResult.Content
$runOutJsonStatus
Create a VM
Now that the build is finished, you can build a VM from the image. Use the examples from the PowerShell New-AzVM documentation.
Clean up tasks
You can now delete the image template artifact, the role assignment, and the resource groups if you want to.
Here's how to delete the image template artifact:
# Get ResourceID of the Image Template
$resTemplateId = Get-AzResource -ResourceName $imageTemplateName -ResourceGroupName $imageResourceGroup -ResourceType Microsoft.VirtualMachineImages/imageTemplates -ApiVersion "2020-02-14"
### Delete Image Template Artifact
Remove-AzResource -ResourceId $resTemplateId.ResourceId -Force
Here's how to delete the role assignment:
## remove role assignments
Remove-AzRoleAssignment -ObjectId $idenityNamePrincipalId -RoleDefinitionName $imageRoleDefName -Scope "/subscriptions/$subscriptionID/resourceGroups/$imageResourceGroup"
Remove-AzRoleAssignment -ObjectId $idenityNamePrincipalId -RoleDefinitionName $networkRoleDefName -Scope "/subscriptions/$subscriptionID/resourceGroups/$vnetRgName"
## remove definitions
Remove-AzRoleDefinition -Id $imageRoleDefObjId -Force
Remove-AzRoleDefinition -Id $networkRoleObjId -Force
## delete identity
Remove-AzUserAssignedIdentity -ResourceGroupName $imageResourceGroup -Name $idenityName -Force
Here's how to delete resource groups:
Remove-AzResourceGroup $imageResourceGroup -Force
# delete VNET created
# BEWARE! In this example, you have either used an existing virtual network or created one for this example. Do not delete your existing virtual network. If you want to delete the virtual network resource group used in this example '$vnetRgName', modify the preceding code.