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教程：使用 Dapr 发布和订阅微服务通信

在发布/订阅（pub/sub）系统中，可以使用 分布式应用程序运行时（Dapr） 简化和标准化微服务与消息代理之间的通信。

  • 发布者应用通过 Dapr sidecar 发布消息。 Sidecar 处理与代理的实际通信。
  • 订阅者应用通过 Dapr sidecar 接收消息。 Sidecar 从消息代理接收消息，并使用消息的有效负载调用订阅者应用的终结点。

本教程使用示例项目演示如何运行 Dapr pub/sub 系统。 该示例包括：

  • 专门生成特定主题消息的发布者服务（消息生成器）checkout。
  • 一个侦听来自特定主题的 order-processor 服务的消息的 checkout 服务（订阅者）。

此图显示了从结帐应用程序通过 Dapr 传递到服务总线的消息流，以及从服务总线通过 Dapr 流向订单处理器应用程序的消息流。

在本教程中，你将：

  • 创建发布者微服务和订阅者微服务，该微服务使用 Dapr pub/sub API 发送和接收事件驱动的体系结构的消息。
  • 使用示例项目中提供的 Azure 开发人员 CLI 和 Bicep 文件将应用程序部署到 Azure 容器应用。

先决条件

在本地运行 Node.js 应用程序

将应用程序部署到容器应用之前，请执行以下部分中的步骤，使用 Dapr 和 Azure 服务总线在本地运行 order-processor 和服务 checkout 。

准备项目

  1. 将示例应用程序克隆到本地计算机。

    git clone https://github.com/Azure-Samples/pubsub-dapr-nodejs-servicebus.git

  2. 转到示例根目录。

    cd pubsub-dapr-nodejs-servicebus

使用 Dapr CLI 运行应用程序

执行以下步骤来运行 order-processor 订阅服务器服务和 checkout 发布者服务。

  1. 从示例根目录转到 订单处理器 目录。

    cd order-processor

  2. 安装依赖项。

    npm install

  3. 运行 order-processor 服务。

    dapr run --app-port 5001 --app-id order-processing --app-protocol http --dapr-http-port 3501 --resources-path ../components -- npm run start

  4. 在新终端窗口中，转到示例根目录，然后转到 签出 目录。

    cd checkout

  5. 安装依赖项。

    npm install

  6. 运行 checkout 服务。

    dapr run --app-id checkout --app-protocol http --resources-path ../components -- npm run start

预期输出

在 checkout 终端中 checkout ，服务发布 20 条消息，然后暂时暂停。

== APP == Published data: {"orderId":1}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":2}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":3}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":4}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":5}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":6}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":7}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":8}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":9}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":10}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":11}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":12}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":13}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":14}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":15}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":16}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":17}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":18}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":19}
== APP == Published data: {"orderId":20}

order-processor 终端中的 order-processor 服务接收 20 条消息。

== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":1}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":2}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":3}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":4}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":5}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":6}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":7}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":8}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":9}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":10}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":11}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":12}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":13}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":14}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":15}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":16}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":17}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":18}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":19}
== APP == Subscriber received: {"orderId":20}

停止应用程序

若要停止应用程序，请打开单独的终端并运行以下命令：

dapr stop --app-id checkout
dapr stop --app-id order-processor

使用 Azure 开发人员 CLI 部署应用程序模板

若要使用 azd 命令将应用程序部署到容器应用，请执行以下步骤。

准备项目

在新终端窗口中，转到 示例 根目录。

cd pubsub-dapr-nodejs-servicebus

使用 Azure 开发人员 CLI 创建和部署

  1. 运行 azd init 以初始化项目。

    azd init

    在终端中出现提示时，输入唯一的环境名称。 该命令将此名称用作创建用于保存所有 Azure 资源的资源组的前缀。

  2. 运行 azd up 以准备基础结构，并在单个命令中将应用程序部署到容器应用。

    azd up

    在终端中出现提示时，输入以下参数的值：

    参数 说明
    Azure 订阅 您资源的 Azure 订阅
    Azure 位置 Azure 资源的位置

    此过程可能需要一些时间才能完成。 azd up运行命令时，输出会显示两个可用于监视部署进度的 Azure 门户链接。 输出还演示了如何运行 azd up：

    • 使用 ./infra 目录中的 Bicep 文件通过 azd provision 创建和配置所有必要的 Azure 资源。 在 Azure 开发人员 CLI 部署这些资源后，可以使用 Azure 门户访问它们。 用于配置 Azure 资源的文件包括：
      • main.parameters.json。
      • main.bicep.
      • 按功能组织的 应用 资源目录。
      • 包含模板使用的 Bicep 模块的核心引用库。
    • 使用 azd deploy 部署代码。

预期输出

该 azd init 命令显示类似于以下行的输出：

Initializing an app to run on Azure (azd init)

? Enter a unique environment name: [? for help] <environment-name>

? Enter a unique environment name: <environment-name>

SUCCESS: Initialized environment <environment-name>.

该 azd up 命令显示类似于以下行的输出：

? Select an Azure Subscription to use:  3. <subscription-name> (aaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e)
? Enter a value for the 'location' infrastructure parameter: 51. (US) China East 2 (chinaeast2)

Packaging services (azd package)

  (✓) Done: Packaging service checkout
  - Container: pubsub-dapr-javascript-servicebus-aca/checkout-<environment-name>:azd-deploy-1764784418

  (✓) Done: Packaging service orders
  - Container: pubsub-dapr-javascript-servicebus-aca/orders-<environment-name>:azd-deploy-1764784420

Provisioning Azure resources (azd provision)
Provisioning Azure resources can take some time.

Subscription: <subscription-name> (aaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e)
Location: China East 2

  You can view detailed progress in the Azure Portal:
  https://portal.azure.cn/#view/HubsExtension/DeploymentDetailsBlade/~/overview/id/%2Fsubscriptions%2Faaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e%2Fproviders%2FMicrosoft.Resources%2Fdeployments%2F<environment-name>-1764784426

  (✓) Done: Resource group: rg-<environment-name> (2.805s)
  (✓) Done: Service Bus Namespace: sb-a1bc2de3fh4ij (17.866s)
  (✓) Done: Log Analytics workspace: log-a1bc2de3fh4ij (23.262s)
  (✓) Done: Application Insights: appi-a1bc2de3fh4ij (3.167s)
  (✓) Done: Portal dashboard: dash-a1bc2de3fh4ij (1.858s)
  (✓) Done: Container Registry: cra1bc2de3fh4ij (20.097s)
  (✓) Done: Container Apps Environment: cae-a1bc2de3fh4ij (1m39.71s)
  (✓) Done: Container App: ca-orders-a1bc2de3fh4ij (19.927s)
  (✓) Done: Container App: ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij (20.213s)

Deploying services (azd deploy)

  (✓) Done: Deploying service checkout

  (✓) Done: Deploying service orders
  - Endpoint: https://ca-orders-a1bc2de3fh4ij.gentlebeach-c2de3fh4.chinaeast2.azurecontainerapps.io/

SUCCESS: Your up workflow to provision and deploy to Azure completed in 5 minutes 10 seconds.

确认部署是否成功

执行以下步骤，验证 checkout 服务是否正在将消息发布到服务总线主题，并且 order-processor 服务正在接收消息。

  1. 在终端输出中复制checkout容器应用名称。

  2. 登录到 Azure 门户，然后按名称搜索容器应用资源。

  3. 在“容器应用 概述 ”页上，选择“ 监视>日志流”。

    Azure 门户端面板的屏幕截图。在“监视”下，突出显示了日志流。

  4. 在 “日志流 ”页上的 “容器”旁边，选择 “签出”。

    结账容器应用程序的日志流页面屏幕截图。容器列表中已将结账容器突出显示。

  5. 确认 checkout 容器记录的输出是否与前面在终端中显示的输出相同。

    Connecting to stream...
2025-12-03T17:59:44.86984  Connecting to the container 'checkout'...

2025-12-03T17:59:44.88762  Successfully Connected to container: 'checkout' [Revision: 'ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij--azd-1010101010', Replica: 'ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij--azd-1010101010-e3fh4ij5kl-6mn7o']
2025-12-03T17:59:20.110076973Z Published data: {"orderId":1}
2025-12-03T17:59:21.122761423Z Published data: {"orderId":2}
2025-12-03T17:59:22.134562301Z Published data: {"orderId":3}
2025-12-03T17:59:23.148699507Z Published data: {"orderId":4}
2025-12-03T17:59:24.160779162Z Published data: {"orderId":5}
2025-12-03T17:59:25.176694795Z Published data: {"orderId":6}
2025-12-03T17:59:26.189284846Z Published data: {"orderId":7}
2025-12-03T17:59:27.201353592Z Published data: {"orderId":8}
2025-12-03T17:59:28.217884685Z Published data: {"orderId":9}
2025-12-03T17:59:29.229885611Z Published data: {"orderId":10}
2025-12-03T17:59:30.242877567Z Published data: {"orderId":11}
2025-12-03T17:59:31.255062497Z Published data: {"orderId":12}
2025-12-03T17:59:32.270373602Z Published data: {"orderId":13}
2025-12-03T17:59:33.283227059Z Published data: {"orderId":14}
2025-12-03T17:59:34.297275983Z Published data: {"orderId":15}
2025-12-03T17:59:35.309770245Z Published data: {"orderId":16}
2025-12-03T17:59:36.324099049Z Published data: {"orderId":17}
2025-12-03T17:59:37.337279276Z Published data: {"orderId":18}
2025-12-03T17:59:38.351045429Z Published data: {"orderId":19}
2025-12-03T17:59:39.364701033Z Published data: {"orderId":20}

  6. 对 order-processor 服务执行类似的步骤。

    Connecting to stream...
2025-12-03T17:59:54.59128  Connecting to the container 'orders'...

2025-12-03T17:59:54.62517  Successfully Connected to container: 'orders' [Revision: 'ca-orders-h4ij5kl6mn7op--azd-1010101010', Replica: 'ca-orders-h4ij5kl6mn7op--azd-1010101010-8qr9st0uv1-wx2yz']
2025-12-03T17:59:20.121003257Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":1}
2025-12-03T17:59:21.134397375Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":2}
2025-12-03T17:59:22.145897352Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":3}
2025-12-03T17:59:23.159802356Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":4}
2025-12-03T17:59:24.173394595Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":5}
2025-12-03T17:59:25.188890235Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":6}
2025-12-03T17:59:26.200088846Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":7}
2025-12-03T17:59:27.212526588Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":8}
2025-12-03T17:59:28.236604126Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":9}
2025-12-03T17:59:29.242356323Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":10}
2025-12-03T17:59:30.253994680Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":11}
2025-12-03T17:59:31.267712900Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":12}
2025-12-03T17:59:32.282449416Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":13}
2025-12-03T17:59:33.296803973Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":14}
2025-12-03T17:59:34.308987729Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":15}
2025-12-03T17:59:35.321011193Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":16}
2025-12-03T17:59:36.336338712Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":17}
2025-12-03T17:59:37.347838169Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":18}
2025-12-03T17:59:38.370022121Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":19}
2025-12-03T17:59:39.377157717Z Subscriber received: {"orderId":20}

了解 azd up，请参阅相关技术文档以获取详细信息

azd up命令成功运行时：

  • Azure 开发人员 CLI 会在指定的 Azure 订阅中的 示例项目 ./infra 目录中 创建引用的 Azure 资源。 可以在 Azure 门户中找到这些 Azure 资源。
  • 应用程序已部署到 Container Apps。 在 Azure 门户中，可以访问功能齐全的应用。

在本地运行 Python 应用程序

将应用程序部署到容器应用之前，请执行以下部分中的步骤，使用 Dapr 和 Azure 服务总线在本地运行 order-processor 和服务 checkout 。

准备项目

  1. 将示例应用程序克隆到本地计算机。

    git clone https://github.com/Azure-Samples/pubsub-dapr-python-servicebus.git

  2. 转到示例根目录。

    cd pubsub-dapr-python-servicebus

使用 Dapr CLI 运行应用程序

执行以下步骤来运行 order-processor 订阅服务器服务和 checkout 发布者服务。

  1. 从示例根目录转到 订单处理器 目录。

    cd order-processor

  2. 安装依赖项。

    pip3 install -r requirements.txt

  3. 运行 order-processor 服务。

    dapr run --app-id order-processor --resources-path ../components/ --app-port 5001 -- python app.py

  1. 在新终端窗口中，转到示例根目录，然后转到 签出 目录。

    cd checkout

  2. 安装依赖项。

    pip3 install -r requirements.txt

  3. 运行 checkout 服务。

    dapr run --app-id checkout --resources-path ../components/ -- python app.py

预期输出

在 checkout 终端中 checkout ，服务发布 19 条消息，然后暂时暂停。

== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 1}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 2}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 3}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 4}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 5}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 6}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 7}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 8}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 9}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 10}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 11}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 12}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 13}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 14}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 15}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 16}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 17}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 18}
== APP == INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 19}

在 order-processor 终端中， order-processor 服务接收 19 条消息。

== APP == Subscriber received : 1
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:28] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 2
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:29] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 3
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:30] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 4
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:31] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 5
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:32] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 6
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:33] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 7
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:34] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 8
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:35] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 9
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:36] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 10
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:37] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 11
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:38] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 12
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:39] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 13
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:40] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 14
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:41] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 15
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:42] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 16
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:43] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 17
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:44] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 18
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:45] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
== APP == Subscriber received : 19
== APP == 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 15:37:46] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -

停止应用程序

若要停止应用程序，请打开单独的终端并运行以下命令：

dapr stop --app-id checkout
dapr stop --app-id order-processor

使用 Azure 开发人员 CLI 部署应用程序模板

若要使用 azd 命令将应用程序部署到容器应用，请执行以下步骤。

准备项目

在新终端窗口中，转到 示例 根目录。

cd pubsub-dapr-python-servicebus

使用 Azure 开发人员 CLI 创建和部署

  1. 运行 azd init 以初始化项目。

    azd init

    在终端中出现提示时，输入唯一的环境名称。 该命令将此名称用作创建用于保存所有 Azure 资源的资源组的前缀。

  2. 运行 azd up 以准备基础结构，并在单个命令中将应用程序部署到容器应用。

    azd up

    在终端中出现提示时，输入以下参数的值：

    参数 说明
    Azure 订阅 您资源的 Azure 订阅
    Azure 位置 Azure 资源的位置

    此过程可能需要一些时间才能完成。 azd up运行命令时，输出会显示两个可用于监视部署进度的 Azure 门户链接。 输出还演示了如何运行 azd up：

    • 使用 ./infra 目录中的 Bicep 文件通过 azd provision 创建和配置所有必要的 Azure 资源。 在 Azure 开发人员 CLI 部署这些资源后，可以使用 Azure 门户访问它们。 用于配置 Azure 资源的文件包括：
      • main.parameters.json。
      • main.bicep.
      • 按功能组织的 应用 资源目录。
      • 包含模板使用的 Bicep 模块的核心引用库。
    • 使用 azd deploy 部署代码。

预期输出

该 azd init 命令显示类似于以下行的输出：

Initializing an app to run on Azure (azd init)

? Enter a unique environment name: [? for help] <environment-name>

? Enter a unique environment name: <environment-name>

SUCCESS: Initialized environment <environment-name>.

该 azd up 命令显示类似于以下行的输出：

? Select an Azure Subscription to use:  3. <subscription-name> (aaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e)
? Enter a value for the 'location' infrastructure parameter: 51. (US) China East 2 (chinaeast2)

Packaging services (azd package)

  (✓) Done: Packaging service checkout
  - Container: pubsub-dapr-python-servicebus-aca/checkout-<environment-name>:azd-deploy-1764794878

  (✓) Done: Packaging service orders
  - Container: pubsub-dapr-python-servicebus-aca/orders-<environment-name>:azd-deploy-1764794880

Provisioning Azure resources (azd provision)
Provisioning Azure resources can take some time.

Subscription: <subscription-name> (aaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e)
Location: China East 2

  You can view detailed progress in the Azure Portal:
  https://portal.azure.cn/#view/HubsExtension/DeploymentDetailsBlade/~/overview/id/%2Fsubscriptions%2Faaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e%2Fproviders%2FMicrosoft.Resources%2Fdeployments%2F<environment-name>-1764794886

  (✓) Done: Resource group: rg-<environment-name> (2.444s)
  (✓) Done: Service Bus Namespace: sb-a1bc2de3fh4ij (19.857s)
  (✓) Done: Log Analytics workspace: log-a1bc2de3fh4ij (21.144s)
  (✓) Done: Application Insights: appi-a1bc2de3fh4ij (1.154s)
  (✓) Done: Portal dashboard: dash-a1bc2de3fh4ij (573ms)
  (✓) Done: Container Registry: cra1bc2de3fh4ij (19.595s)
  (✓) Done: Container Apps Environment: cae-a1bc2de3fh4ij (1m26.226s)
  (✓) Done: Container App: ca-orders-a1bc2de3fh4ij (27.124s)
  (✓) Done: Container App: ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij (28.109s)

Deploying services (azd deploy)

  (✓) Done: Deploying service checkout

  (✓) Done: Deploying service orders
  - Endpoint: https://ca-orders-a1bc2de3fh4ij.icytree-c2de3fh4.chinaeast2.azurecontainerapps.io/

SUCCESS: Your up workflow to provision and deploy to Azure completed in 5 minutes.

确认部署是否成功

执行以下步骤，验证 checkout 服务是否正在将消息发布到服务总线主题，并且 order-processor 服务正在接收消息。

  1. 在终端输出中复制checkout容器应用名称。

  2. 登录到 Azure 门户，然后按名称搜索容器应用资源。

  3. 在“容器应用 概述 ”页上，选择“ 监视>日志流”。

    Azure 门户中侧面板的屏幕截图。在“监视”下，突出显示了日志流。

  4. 在 “日志流 ”页上的 “容器”旁边，选择 “签出”。

    结账容器应用程序日志流页面的屏幕截图。在“容器”列表中，“结账”被突出显示并选中。

  5. 确认 checkout 容器记录的输出是否与前面在终端中显示的输出相同。

    Connecting to stream...
2025-12-03T20:56:10.89517  Connecting to the container 'checkout'...

2025-12-03T20:56:10.92655  Successfully Connected to container: 'checkout' [Revision: 'ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij--azd-1010101010', Replica: 'ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij--azd-1010101010-e3fh4ij5kl-6mn7o']
2025-12-03T20:55:54.971898941Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 1}
2025-12-03T20:55:55.985395409Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 2}
2025-12-03T20:55:57.002043502Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 3}
2025-12-03T20:55:58.017690382Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 4}
2025-12-03T20:55:59.032269801Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 5}
2025-12-03T20:56:00.045075250Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 6}
2025-12-03T20:56:01.058436708Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 7}
2025-12-03T20:56:02.073213603Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 8}
2025-12-03T20:56:03.088542130Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 9}
2025-12-03T20:56:04.102553097Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 10}
2025-12-03T20:56:05.116147371Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 11}
2025-12-03T20:56:06.131053744Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 12}
2025-12-03T20:56:07.144493474Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 13}
2025-12-03T20:56:08.158381479Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 14}
2025-12-03T20:56:09.175048175Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 15}
2025-12-03T20:56:10.188971144Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 16}
2025-12-03T20:56:11.202891285Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 17}
2025-12-03T20:56:12.217084672Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 18}
2025-12-03T20:56:13.229771418Z INFO:root:Published data: {"orderId": 19}

  6. 对 order-processor 服务执行类似的步骤。

    Connecting to stream...
2025-12-03T20:56:18.74960  Connecting to the container 'orders'...

2025-12-03T20:56:18.76913  Successfully Connected to container: 'orders' [Revision: 'ca-orders-h4ij5kl6mn7op--azd-1010101010', Replica: 'ca-orders-h4ij5kl6mn7op--azd-1010101010-8qr9st0uv1-wx2yz']
2025-12-03T20:56:24.260129668Z Subscriber received : 1
2025-12-03T20:56:24.260504460Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:24] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:25.286774893Z Subscriber received : 2
2025-12-03T20:56:25.287837138Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:25] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:26.302102842Z Subscriber received : 3
2025-12-03T20:56:26.302508442Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:26] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:27.316271178Z Subscriber received : 4
2025-12-03T20:56:27.317288756Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:27] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:28.329865261Z Subscriber received : 5
2025-12-03T20:56:28.330863461Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:28] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:29.342843607Z Subscriber received : 6
2025-12-03T20:56:29.343687271Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:29] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:30.357753094Z Subscriber received : 7
2025-12-03T20:56:30.358124513Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:30] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:31.380741546Z Subscriber received : 8
2025-12-03T20:56:31.381553667Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:31] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:32.391023392Z Subscriber received : 9
2025-12-03T20:56:32.391420895Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:32] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:33.405031572Z Subscriber received : 10
2025-12-03T20:56:33.405412361Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:33] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:34.420146848Z Subscriber received : 11
2025-12-03T20:56:34.420589649Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:34] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:35.432973524Z Subscriber received : 12
2025-12-03T20:56:35.434080392Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:35] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:36.451629817Z Subscriber received : 13
2025-12-03T20:56:36.452061763Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:36] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:37.467384128Z Subscriber received : 14
2025-12-03T20:56:37.467686070Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:37] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:38.480558316Z Subscriber received : 15
2025-12-03T20:56:38.481147786Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:38] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:39.493898658Z Subscriber received : 16
2025-12-03T20:56:39.494203912Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:39] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:40.508312320Z Subscriber received : 17
2025-12-03T20:56:40.508685327Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:40] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:41.534284222Z Subscriber received : 18
2025-12-03T20:56:41.534598586Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:41] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -
2025-12-03T20:56:42.559478561Z Subscriber received : 19
2025-12-03T20:56:42.559954290Z 127.0.0.1 - - [03/Dec/2025 20:56:42] "POST /orders HTTP/1.1" 200 -

了解 azd up，请参阅相关技术文档以获取详细信息

azd up命令成功运行时：

  • Azure 开发人员 CLI 会在指定的 Azure 订阅中的 示例项目 ./infra 目录中 创建引用的 Azure 资源。 可以在 Azure 门户中找到这些 Azure 资源。
  • 应用程序已部署到 Container Apps。 在 Azure 门户中，可以访问功能齐全的应用。

在本地运行 .NET 应用程序

将应用程序部署到容器应用之前，请执行以下部分中的步骤，使用 Dapr 和 Azure 服务总线在本地运行 order-processor 和服务 checkout 。

准备项目

  1. 将示例应用程序克隆到本地计算机。

    git clone https://github.com/Azure-Samples/pubsub-dapr-csharp-servicebus.git

  2. 转到示例根目录。

    cd pubsub-dapr-csharp-servicebus

使用 Dapr CLI 运行应用程序

执行以下步骤来运行 order-processor 订阅服务器服务和 checkout 发布者服务。

  1. 从示例根目录转到 订单处理器 目录。

    cd order-processor

  2. 安装依赖项。

    dotnet build

  3. 运行 order-processor 服务。

    dapr run --app-id order-processor --resources-path ../components/ --app-port 7001 -- dotnet run --project .

  4. 在新终端窗口中，转到示例根目录，然后转到 签出 目录。

    cd checkout

  5. 安装依赖项。

    dotnet build

  6. 运行 checkout 服务。

    dapr run --app-id checkout --resources-path ../components/ -- dotnet run --project .

预期输出

在 checkout 终端中 checkout ，服务发布 20 条消息，然后暂时暂停。

== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 1 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 2 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 3 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 4 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 5 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 6 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 7 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 8 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 9 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 10 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 11 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 12 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 13 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 14 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 15 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 16 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 17 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 18 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 19 }
== APP == Published data: Order { OrderId = 20 }

order-processor 终端中的 order-processor 服务接收 20 条消息。

== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 1 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 2 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 3 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 4 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 5 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 6 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 7 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 8 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 9 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 10 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 11 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 12 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 13 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 14 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 15 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 16 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 17 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 18 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 19 }
== APP == Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 20 }

停止应用程序

若要停止应用程序，请打开单独的终端并运行以下命令：

dapr stop --app-id checkout
dapr stop --app-id order-processor

使用 Azure 开发人员 CLI 部署应用程序模板

若要使用 azd 命令将应用程序部署到容器应用，请执行以下步骤。

准备项目

在新终端窗口中，转到 示例 根目录。

cd pubsub-dapr-csharp-servicebus

使用 Azure 开发人员 CLI 创建和部署

  1. 运行 azd init 以初始化项目。

    azd init

    在终端中出现提示时，输入唯一的环境名称。 该命令将此名称用作创建用于保存所有 Azure 资源的资源组的前缀。

  2. 运行 azd up 以准备基础结构，并在单个命令中将应用程序部署到容器应用。

    azd up

    在终端中出现提示时，输入以下参数的值：

    参数 说明
    Azure 订阅 您资源的 Azure 订阅
    Azure 位置 Azure 资源的位置

    此过程可能需要一些时间才能完成。 azd up运行命令时，输出会显示两个可用于监视部署进度的 Azure 门户链接。 输出还演示了如何运行 azd up：

    • 使用 ./infra 目录中的 Bicep 文件通过 azd provision 创建和配置所有必要的 Azure 资源。 在 Azure 开发人员 CLI 部署这些资源后，可以使用 Azure 门户访问它们。 用于配置 Azure 资源的文件包括：
      • main.parameters.json。
      • main.bicep.
      • 按功能组织的 应用 资源目录。
      • 包含模板使用的 Bicep 模块的核心引用库。
    • 使用 azd deploy 部署代码。

预期输出

该 azd init 命令显示类似于以下行的输出：

Initializing an app to run on Azure (azd init)

? Enter a unique environment name: [? for help] <environment-name>

? Enter a unique environment name: <environment-name>

SUCCESS: Initialized environment <environment-name>.

该 azd up 命令显示类似于以下行的输出：

? Select an Azure Subscription to use:  3. <subscription-name> (aaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e)
? Enter a value for the 'location' infrastructure parameter: 51. (US) China East 2 (chinaeast2)

Packaging services (azd package)

  (✓) Done: Packaging service checkout
  - Container: pubsub-dapr-csharp-servicebus/checkout-<environment-name>:azd-deploy-1764796559

  (✓) Done: Packaging service orders
  - Container: pubsub-dapr-csharp-servicebus/orders-<environment-name>:azd-deploy-1764796569

Provisioning Azure resources (azd provision)
Provisioning Azure resources can take some time.

Subscription: <subscription-name> (aaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e)
Location: China East 2

  You can view detailed progress in the Azure Portal:
  https://portal.azure.cn/#view/HubsExtension/DeploymentDetailsBlade/~/overview/id/%2Fsubscriptions%2Faaaa0a0a-bb1b-cc2c-dd3d-eeeeee4e4e4e%2Fproviders%2FMicrosoft.Resources%2Fdeployments%2F<environment-name>-1764796579

  (✓) Done: Resource group: rg-<environment-name> (1.727s)
  (✓) Done: Service Bus Namespace: sb-a1bc2de3fh4ij (18.228s)
  (✓) Done: Log Analytics workspace: log-a1bc2de3fh4ij (23.214s)
  (✓) Done: Application Insights: appi-a1bc2de3fh4ij (1.006s)
  (✓) Done: Portal dashboard: dash-a1bc2de3fh4ij (2.077s)
  (✓) Done: Container Registry: cra1bc2de3fh4ij (18.492s)
  (✓) Done: Container Apps Environment: cae-a1bc2de3fh4ij (1m53.753s)
  (✓) Done: Container App: ca-orders-a1bc2de3fh4ij (40.053s)
  (✓) Done: Container App: ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij (29.412s)

Deploying services (azd deploy)

  (✓) Done: Deploying service checkout

  (✓) Done: Deploying service orders
  - Endpoint: https://ca-orders-a1bc2de3fh4ij.whitecoast-c2de3fh4.chinaeast2.azurecontainerapps.io/

SUCCESS: Your up workflow to provision and deploy to Azure completed in 6 minutes 15 seconds.

确认部署是否成功

执行以下步骤，验证 checkout 服务是否正在将消息发布到服务总线主题，并且 order-processor 服务正在接收消息。

  1. 复制终端输出中的 checkout 容器应用名称。

  2. 转到 Azure 门户并按名称搜索容器应用资源。

  3. 在容器应用仪表板中，选择“监视”“日志流”。

    Azure 门户的屏幕截图。在侧面板的“监视”下，突出显示了日志流。

  4. 在 “日志流 ”页上的 “容器”旁边，选择 “签出”。

    结帐容器应用日志流页面的屏幕截图。在日志流上方的容器列表中，结帐被突出显示。

  5. 确认 checkout 容器记录的输出是否与前面在终端中显示的输出相同。

    Connecting to stream...
2025-12-03T21:22:38.59199  Connecting to the container 'checkout'...

2025-12-03T21:22:38.61294  Successfully Connected to container: 'checkout' [Revision: 'ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij--azd-1010101010', Replica: 'ca-checkout-a1bc2de3fh4ij--azd-1010101010-e3fh4ij5kl-6mn7o']
2025-12-03T21:22:25.764173919Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 1 }
2025-12-03T21:22:26.775186594Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 2 }
2025-12-03T21:22:27.785402134Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 3 }
2025-12-03T21:22:28.795885226Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 4 }
2025-12-03T21:22:29.818661172Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 5 }
2025-12-03T21:22:30.833916028Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 6 }
2025-12-03T21:22:31.847722919Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 7 }
2025-12-03T21:22:32.858583147Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 8 }
2025-12-03T21:22:33.868997259Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 9 }
2025-12-03T21:22:34.879750628Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 10 }
2025-12-03T21:22:35.889718195Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 11 }
2025-12-03T21:22:36.905244880Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 12 }
2025-12-03T21:22:37.915565325Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 13 }
2025-12-03T21:22:38.926142458Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 14 }
2025-12-03T21:22:39.937747578Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 15 }
2025-12-03T21:22:40.952842205Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 16 }
2025-12-03T21:22:41.964924464Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 17 }
2025-12-03T21:22:42.974247022Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 18 }
2025-12-03T21:22:43.988211319Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 19 }
2025-12-03T21:22:44.997345767Z Published data: Order { OrderId = 20 }

  6. 对 order-processor 服务执行相同的操作。

    Connecting to stream...
2025-12-03T21:23:11.36616  Connecting to the container 'orders'...

2025-12-03T21:23:11.38606  Successfully Connected to container: 'orders' [Revision: 'ca-orders-h4ij5kl6mn7op--azd-1010101010', Replica: 'ca-orders-h4ij5kl6mn7op--azd-1010101010-8qr9st0uv1-wx2yz']
2025-12-03T21:22:56.016634660Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 1 }
2025-12-03T21:22:57.092104858Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 2 }
2025-12-03T21:22:58.037571888Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 3 }
2025-12-03T21:22:59.047149782Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 4 }
2025-12-03T21:23:00.057088303Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 5 }
2025-12-03T21:23:01.085777239Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 6 }
2025-12-03T21:23:02.083886674Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 7 }
2025-12-03T21:23:03.091921022Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 8 }
2025-12-03T21:23:04.120860392Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 9 }
2025-12-03T21:23:05.127930191Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 10 }
2025-12-03T21:23:06.137896372Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 11 }
2025-12-03T21:23:07.242953880Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 12 }
2025-12-03T21:23:08.255497831Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 13 }
2025-12-03T21:23:09.264101960Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 14 }
2025-12-03T21:23:10.278569058Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 15 }
2025-12-03T21:23:11.297722094Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 16 }
2025-12-03T21:23:12.294944386Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 17 }
2025-12-03T21:23:13.306328648Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 18 }
2025-12-03T21:23:14.322317879Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 19 }
2025-12-03T21:23:15.076995284Z Subscriber received : Order { OrderId = 20 }

了解 azd up，请参阅相关技术文档以获取详细信息

azd up命令成功运行时：

  • Azure 开发人员 CLI 会在指定的 Azure 订阅中的 示例项目 ./infra 目录中 创建引用的 Azure 资源。 可以在 Azure 门户中找到这些 Azure 资源。
  • 应用程序已部署到 Container Apps。 在 Azure 门户中，可以访问功能齐全的应用。

清理资源

如果不打算继续使用此应用程序，请使用以下命令删除创建的 Azure 资源：

azd down

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