如何以编程方式管理 Azure VM 的更新

要指定 POST 请求，可以使用 Azure CLI az vm assess-patchs 命令。

az vm assess-patches -g MyResourceGroup -n MyVm

要指定 POST 请求，可以使用 Azure PowerShell Invoke-AzVMPatchAssessment cmdlet。

Invoke-AzVMPatchAssessment -ResourceGroupName "myRG" -VMName "myVM"

若要指定 POST 请求，可以结合有效的参数和值使用以下 Azure REST API 调用。

POST on 'subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/acmedemo/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/ameacr/installPatches?api-version=2020-12-01

{
    "maximumDuration": "PT120M",
    "rebootSetting": "IfRequired",
    "windowsParameters": {
      "classificationsToInclude": [
        "Security",
        "UpdateRollup",
        "FeaturePack",
        "ServicePack"
      ],
      "kbNumbersToInclude": [
        "11111111111",
        "22222222222222"
      ],
      "kbNumbersToExclude": [
        "333333333333",
        "55555555555"
      ]
    }
  }'

要指定 POST 请求，可以使用 Azure CLI az vm install-patchs 命令。

az vm install-patches -g MyResourceGroup -n MyVm --maximum-duration PT4H --reboot-setting IfRequired --classifications-to-include-linux Critical

对于 2020-12-01 版，请求正文的格式如下所示：

{
    "maximumDuration"
    "rebootSetting"
    "windowsParameters": {
      "classificationsToInclude": [
      ],
      "kbNumbersToInclude": [
      ],
      "kbNumbersToExclude": [
      ]
    }
  }

若要指定 POST 请求，可以使用 Azure PowerShell Invoke-AzVMInstallPatch cmdlet。

Invoke-AzVmInstallPatch -ResourceGroupName 'MyRG' -VmName 'MyVM' -Windows -RebootSetting 'never' -MaximumDuration PT2H -ClassificationToIncludeForWindows Critical

若要指定 POST 请求，可以结合有效的参数和值使用以下 Azure REST API 调用。

PUT on '/subscriptions/0f55bb56-6089-4c7e-9306-41fb78fc5844/resourceGroups/atscalepatching/providers/Microsoft.Maintenance/maintenanceConfigurations/TestAzureInGuestAdv2?api-version=2021-09-01-preview

{
  "location": "eastus2euap",
  "properties": {
    "namespace": null,
    "extensionProperties": {
      "InGuestPatchMode" : "User"
    },
    "maintenanceScope": "InGuestPatch",
    "maintenanceWindow": {
      "startDateTime": "2021-08-21 01:18",
      "expirationDateTime": "2221-05-19 03:30",
      "duration": "01:30",
      "timeZone": "India Standard Time",
      "recurEvery": "Day"
    },
    "visibility": "Custom",
    "installPatches": {
      "rebootSetting": "IfRequired",
      "windowsParameters": {
        "classificationsToInclude": [
          "Security",
          "Critical",
          "UpdateRollup"
        ]
      },
      "linuxParameters": {
        "classificationsToInclude": [
          "Other"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}'

az maintenance configuration create \
   --resource-group myMaintenanceRG \
   --resource-name myConfig \
   --maintenance-scope InGuestPatch \
   --location eastus \
   --maintenance-window-duration "02:00" \
   --maintenance-window-recur-every "20days" \
   --maintenance-window-start-date-time "2022-12-30 07:00" \
   --maintenance-window-time-zone "Pacific Standard Time" \
   --install-patches-linux-parameters package-name-masks-to-exclude="ppt" package-name-masks-to-include="apt" classifications-to-include="Other" \
   --install-patches-windows-parameters kb-numbers-to-exclude="KB123456" kb-numbers-to-include="KB123456" classifications-to-include="FeaturePack" \
   --reboot-setting "IfRequired" \
   --extension-properties InGuestPatchMode="User"

可以使用 New-AzMaintenanceConfiguration cmdlet 创建配置。

New-AzMaintenanceConfiguration
   -ResourceGroup $RGName `
   -Name $configName `
   -MaintenanceScope $scope `
   -Location $location `
   -StartDateTime $startDateTime `
   -TimeZone $timeZone `
   -Duration $duration `
   -RecurEvery $recurEvery `
   -WindowParameterClassificationToInclude $WindowsParameterClassificationToInclude `
   -WindowParameterKbNumberToInclude $WindowParameterKbNumberToInclude `
   -WindowParameterKbNumberToExclude $WindowParameterKbNumberToExclude `
   -InstallPatchRebootSetting $RebootOption `
   -LinuxParameterPackageNameMaskToInclude $LinuxParameterPackageNameMaskToInclude `
   -LinuxParameterClassificationToInclude $LinuxParameterClassificationToInclude `
   -LinuxParameterPackageNameMaskToExclude $LinuxParameterPackageNameMaskToExclude `
   -ExtensionProperty @{"InGuestPatchMode"="User"}

若要指定 PUT 请求，可以结合有效的参数和值使用以下 Azure REST API 调用。

PUT on '/subscriptions/0f55bb56-6089-4c7e-9306-41fb78fc5844/resourceGroups/atscalepatching/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/win-atscalepatching-1/providers/Microsoft.Maintenance/configurationAssignments/TestAzureInGuestAdv?api-version=2021-09-01-preview

{
  "properties": {
    "maintenanceConfigurationId": "/subscriptions/0f55bb56-6089-4c7e-9306-41fb78fc5844/resourcegroups/atscalepatching/providers/Microsoft.Maintenance/maintenanceConfigurations/TestAzureInGuestIntermediate2"
  },
  "location": "eastus2euap"
}'

az maintenance assignment create \
   --resource-group myMaintenanceRG \
   --location eastus \
   --resource-name myVM \
   --resource-type virtualMachines \
   --provider-name Microsoft.Compute \
   --configuration-assignment-name myConfig \
   --maintenance-configuration-id "/subscriptions/{subscription ID}/resourcegroups/myMaintenanceRG/providers/Microsoft.Maintenance/maintenanceConfigurations/myConfig"

New-AzConfigurationAssignment `
   -ResourceGroupName "myResourceGroup" `
   -Location "eastus" `
   -ResourceName "myGuest" `
   -ResourceType "VirtualMachines" `
   -ProviderName "Microsoft.Compute" `
   -ConfigurationAssignmentName "configName" `
   -MaintenanceConfigurationId "configID"