使用 REST API 还原 Azure 文件

2025-05-16

本文介绍如何使用 REST API 从 Azure 备份创建的还原点还原整个文件共享或特定文件。

先决条件

我们假设你已有要还原的已备份文件共享。如果没有，请查看如何使用 REST API 备份 Azure 文件，以了解如何创建一个文件。

本文将使用以下资源：

RecoveryServicesVault：azurefilesvault
资源组：azurefiles
存储帐户：afsaccount
文件共享：azurefiles

提取 ContainerName 和 ProtectedItemName

多数与还原相关的 API 调用都需要传递 {containerName} 和 {protectedItemName} URI 参数的值。使用 GET backupprotectableitems 操作的响应正文中的 ID 属性检索这些参数的值。在我们的示例中，要保护的文件共享的 ID 为：

"/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/storagecontainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectableItems/azurefileshare;azurefiles

因此这些值转换为以下内容：

{containername} - storagecontainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount
{protectedItemName} - azurefileshare;azurefiles

为备份的 Azure 文件提取恢复点

若要恢复任何已备份的文件共享或文件，请先选择一个恢复的时间点以执行还原操作。可以使用 Recovery Point-List REST API 调用列出备份项的可用恢复点。这是一个使用所有相关值执行的 GET 操作。

GET https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/{vaultName}/backupFabrics/{fabricName}/protectionContainers/{containerName}/protectedItems/{protectedItemName}/recoveryPoints?api-version=2019-05-13&$filter={$filter}

将 URI 值设置如下：

{fabricName}：Azure
{vaultName}：azurefilesvault
{containername}：storagecontainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount
{protectedItemName}：azurefileshare;azurefiles
{ResourceGroupName}：azurefiles

GET URI 包含所有必需的参数。无需另外提供请求正文。

GET https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/StorageContainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectedItems/AzureFileShare;azurefiles/recoveryPoints?api-version=2019-05-13

提取恢复点的示例响应

提交 GET URI 后，将返回 200 响应：

HTTP/1.1" 200 None
'Cache-Control': 'no-cache'
'Pragma': 'no-cache'
'Transfer-Encoding': 'chunked'
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
'Content-Encoding': 'gzip'
'Expires': '-1'
'Vary': 'Accept-Encoding'
'X-Content-Type-Options': 'nosniff'
'x-ms-request-id': 'd68d7951-7d97-4c49-9a2d-7fbaab55233a'
'x-ms-client-request-id': '4edb5a58-47ea-11ea-a27a-0a580af41908, 4edb5a58-47ea-11ea-a27a-0a580af41908'
'Strict-Transport-Security': 'max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains'
'Server': 'Microsoft-IIS/10.0'
'X-Powered-By': 'ASP.NET'
'x-ms-ratelimit-remaining-subscription-reads': '11998'
'x-ms-correlation-request-id': 'd68d7951-7d97-4c49-9a2d-7fbaab55233a'
'x-ms-routing-request-id': 'CHINANORTH2:20200205T073708Z:d68d7951-7d97-4c49-9a2d-7fbaab55233a'
'Date': 'Wed, 05 Feb 2020 07:37:08 GMT'
{
“value”:[
  {
    "eTag": null,
    "id": "/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/StorageContainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectedItems/AzureFileShare;azurefiles/recoveryPoints/932881138555802864",
    "location": null,
    "name": "932881138555802864",
    "properties": {
      "fileShareSnapshotUri": "https://afsaccount.file.core.chinacloudapi.cn/azurefiles?sharesnapshot=2020-02-04T08:01:35.0000000Z",
      "objectType": "AzureFileShareRecoveryPoint",
      "recoveryPointSizeInGb": 1,
      "recoveryPointTime": "2020-02-04T08:01:35+00:00",
      "recoveryPointType": "FileSystemConsistent"
    },
    "resourceGroup": "azurefiles",
    "tags": null,
    "type": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/backupFabrics/protectionContainers/protectedItems/recoveryPoints"
  },
  {
    "eTag": null,
    "id": "/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/StorageContainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectedItems/AzureFileShare;azurefiles/recoveryPoints/932878582606969225",
    "location": null,
    "name": "932878582606969225",
    "properties": {
      "fileShareSnapshotUri": "https://afsaccount.file.core.chinacloudapi.cn/azurefiles?sharesnapshot=2020-02-03T08:05:30.0000000Z",
      "objectType": "AzureFileShareRecoveryPoint",
      "recoveryPointSizeInGb": 1,
      "recoveryPointTime": "2020-02-03T08:05:30+00:00",
      "recoveryPointType": "FileSystemConsistent"
    },
    "resourceGroup": "azurefiles",
    "tags": null,
    "type": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/backupFabrics/protectionContainers/protectedItems/recoveryPoints"
  },
  {
    "eTag": null,
    "id": "/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/StorageContainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectedItems/AzureFileShare;azurefiles/recoveryPoints/932890167574511261",
    "location": null,
    "name": "932890167574511261",
    "properties": {
      "fileShareSnapshotUri": "https://afsaccount.file.core.chinacloudapi.cn/azurefiles?sharesnapshot=2020-02-02T08:03:50.0000000Z",
      "objectType": "AzureFileShareRecoveryPoint",
      "recoveryPointSizeInGb": 1,
      "recoveryPointTime": "2020-02-02T08:03:50+00:00",
      "recoveryPointType": "FileSystemConsistent"
    },
    "resourceGroup": "azurefiles",
    "tags": null,
    "type": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/backupFabrics/protectionContainers/protectedItems/recoveryPoints"
  },

上述响应中的 {name} 字段标识了恢复点。

使用此还原选项可在原始位置或备用位置还原完整的文件共享。触发还原是 POST 请求，你可以使用触发还原 REST API 执行此操作。

POST https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/{vaultName}/backupFabrics/{fabricName}/protectionContainers/{containerName}/protectedItems/{protectedItemName}/recoveryPoints/{recoveryPointId}/restore?api-version=2019-05-13

值 {containerName} 和 {protectedItemName} 的设置方式如此处，recoveryPointID 是前面所述的恢复点的 {name} 字段。

POST https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/StorageContainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectedItems/AzureFileShare%3Bazurefiles/recoveryPoints/932886657837421071/restore?api-version=2019-05-13'

创建请求正文

若要为 Azure 文件存储触发还原，以下是请求正文的组件：

名称	类型	说明
属性	Azure文件共享还原请求	RestoreRequestResource 属性

有关请求正文的完整定义列表和其他详细信息，请参阅“触发还原”REST API 文档。

还原到原始位置

用于还原到原始位置的请求正文示例

以下请求正文定义触发 Azure 文件还原所需的属性：

{
   "properties":{
      "objectType":"AzureFileShareRestoreRequest",
      "recoveryType":"OriginalLocation",
      "sourceResourceId":"/subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/AzureFiles/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/afsaccount",
      "copyOptions":"Overwrite",
      "restoreRequestType":"FullShareRestore"
}
}

还原到备用位置

为备用位置恢复指定以下参数：

targetResourceId：要将备份内容还原到的存储帐户。目标存储帐户应与保管库位于同一位置。
名称：还原备份内容的目标存储帐户中的文件共享。
targetFolderPath：文件共享中的用于恢复数据的文件夹。

用于还原到备用位置的请求正文示例

以下请求正文将 afsaccount 存储帐户中的 azurefiles 文件共享还原到 afaccount1 存储帐户中的 azurefiles1 文件共享。

{
   "properties":{
      "objectType":"AzureFileShareRestoreRequest",
      "recoveryType":"AlternateLocation",
      "sourceResourceId":"/subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/AzureFiles/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/afsaccount",
      "copyOptions":"Overwrite",
      "restoreRequestType":"FullShareRestore",
      "restoreFileSpecs":[
         {
            "targetFolderPath":"restoredata"
}
],
      "targetDetails":{
         "name":"azurefiles1",
         "targetResourceId":"/subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/AzureFiles/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/afaccount1"
}
}
}

响应

触发还原操作是一个异步操作。此操作会创建另一个需要单独跟踪的操作。它将返回两个响应：创建另一个操作时为 202 (已接受)，该操作完成时为 200 (确定)。

响应示例

提交用于触发还原的 POST URI 后，初始响应为包含位置标头或 Azure-async-header 的 202 (已接受)。

HTTP/1.1" 202
'Cache-Control': 'no-cache'
'Pragma': 'no-cache'
'Expires': '-1'
'Location': 'https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/StorageContainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectedItems/AzureFileShare;azurefiles/operationResults/68ccfbc1-a64f-4b29-b955-314b5790cfa9?api-version=2019-05-13'
'Retry-After': '60'
'Azure-AsyncOperation': 'https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/StorageContainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectedItems/AzureFileShare;azurefiles/operationsStatus/68ccfbc1-a64f-4b29-b955-314b5790cfa9?api-version=2019-05-13'
'X-Content-Type-Options': 'nosniff'
'x-ms-request-id': '2426777d-c5ec-44b6-a324-384f8947460c'
'x-ms-client-request-id': '3c743096-47eb-11ea-ae90-0a580af41908, 3c743096-47eb-11ea-ae90-0a580af41908'
'Strict-Transport-Security': 'max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains'
'X-Powered-By': 'ASP.NET'
'x-ms-ratelimit-remaining-subscription-writes': '1198'
'x-ms-correlation-request-id': '2426777d-c5ec-44b6-a324-384f8947460c'
'x-ms-routing-request-id': 'CHINANORTH2:20200205T074347Z:2426777d-c5ec-44b6-a324-384f8947460c'
'Date': 'Wed, 05 Feb 2020 07:43:47 GMT'

然后通过 GET 命令并使用位置标头或 Azure-AsyncOperation 标头跟踪生成的操作。

GET https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupOperations/68ccfbc1-a64f-4b29-b955-314b5790cfa9?api-version=2016-12-01

操作完成后，它将返回 200 (OK)，以及响应正文中生成的还原作业的 ID。

HTTP/1.1" 200
'Cache-Control': 'no-cache'
'Pragma': 'no-cache'
'Transfer-Encoding': 'chunked'
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
'Content-Encoding': 'gzip'
'Expires': '-1'
'Vary': 'Accept-Encoding'
'X-Content-Type-Options': 'nosniff'
'x-ms-request-id': '41ee89b2-3be4-40d8-8ff6-f5592c2571e3'
'x-ms-client-request-id': '3c743096-47eb-11ea-ae90-0a580af41908, 3c743096-47eb-11ea-ae90-0a580af41908'
'Strict-Transport-Security': 'max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains'
'Server': 'Microsoft-IIS/10.0'
'X-Powered-By': 'ASP.NET'
'x-ms-ratelimit-remaining-subscription-reads': '11998'
'x-ms-correlation-request-id': '41ee89b2-3be4-40d8-8ff6-f5592c2571e3'
'x-ms-routing-request-id': 'CHINANORTH2:20200205T074348Z:41ee89b2-3be4-40d8-8ff6-f5592c2571e3'
'Date': 'Wed, 05 Feb 2020 07:43:47 GMT'
{
  "id": "/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupJobs/a7e97e42-4e54-4d4b-b449-26fcf946f42c",
  "location": null,
  "name": "a7e97e42-4e54-4d4b-b449-26fcf946f42c",
  "properties": {
    "actionsInfo": [
      "Cancellable"
    ],
    "activityId": "3c743096-47eb-11ea-ae90-0a580af41908",
    "backupManagementType": "AzureStorage",
    "duration": "0:00:01.863098",
    "endTime": null,
    "entityFriendlyName": "azurefiles",
    "errorDetails": null,
    "extendedInfo": {
      "dynamicErrorMessage": null,
      "propertyBag": {},
      "tasksList": []
    },
    "jobType": "AzureStorageJob",
    "operation": "Restore",
    "startTime": "2020-02-05T07:43:47.144961+00:00",
    "status": "InProgress",
    "storageAccountName": "afsaccount",
    "storageAccountVersion": "Storage"
  },
  "resourceGroup": "azurefiles",
  "tags": null,
  "type": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/backupJobs"
}

对于备用位置恢复，响应正文如下所示：

{
  "id": "/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupJobs/7e0ee41e-6e31-4728-a25c-98ff6b777641",
  "location": null,
  "name": "7e0ee41e-6e31-4728-a25c-98ff6b777641",
  "properties": {
    "actionsInfo": [
      "Cancellable"
    ],
    "activityId": "6077be6e-483a-11ea-a915-0a580af4ad72",
    "backupManagementType": "AzureStorage",
    "duration": "0:00:02.171965",
    "endTime": null,
    "entityFriendlyName": "azurefiles",
    "errorDetails": null,
    "extendedInfo": {
      "dynamicErrorMessage": null,
      "propertyBag": {
        "Data Transferred (in MB)": "0",
        "Job Type": "Recover to an alternate file share",
        "Number Of Failed Files": "0",
        "Number Of Restored Files": "0",
        "Number Of Skipped Files": "0",
        "RestoreDestination": "afaccount1/azurefiles1/restoredata",
        "Source File Share Name": "azurefiles",
        "Source Storage Account Name": "afsaccount",
        "Target File Share Name": "azurefiles1",
        "Target Storage Account Name": "afaccount1"
      },
      "tasksList": []
    },
    "jobType": "AzureStorageJob",
    "operation": "Restore",
    "startTime": "2020-02-05T17:10:18.106532+00:00",
    "status": "InProgress",
    "storageAccountName": "afsaccount",
    "storageAccountVersion": "ClassicCompute"
  },
  "resourceGroup": "azurefiles",
  "tags": null,
  "type": "Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/backupJobs"
}

由于备份作业是长时间运行的操作，因此应该根据使用 REST API 监视作业文档中所述对其进行跟踪。

使用 REST API 执行项级别恢复

可以使用此还原选项来还原原始或备用位置中的单个文件或文件夹。

POST https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/{vaultName}/backupFabrics/{fabricName}/protectionContainers/{containerName}/protectedItems/{protectedItemName}/recoveryPoints/{recoveryPointId}/restore?api-version=2019-05-13

值 {containerName} 和 {protectedItemName} 的设置方式如此处，recoveryPointID 是前面所述的恢复点的 {name} 字段。

POST https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/Subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.RecoveryServices/vaults/azurefilesvault/backupFabrics/Azure/protectionContainers/StorageContainer;storage;azurefiles;afsaccount/protectedItems/AzureFileShare%3Bazurefiles/recoveryPoints/932886657837421071/restore?api-version=2019-05-13'

使用 REST API 创建实现项级别恢复的请求正文

若要为 Azure 文件触发恢复，以下是请求主体的组件：

名称	类型	说明
属性	Azure文件共享还原请求	RestoreRequestResource 属性

有关请求正文的完整定义列表和其他详细信息，请参阅“触发还原”REST API 文档。

使用 REST API 还原到原始位置以执行项级别恢复

以下请求正文是还原 afsaccount 存储帐户中 azurefiles 文件共享中的 Restoretest.txt 文件。

创建请求正文

{
   "properties":{
      "objectType":"AzureFileShareRestoreRequest",
      "copyOptions":"Overwrite",
      "recoveryType":"OriginalLocation",
      "restoreFileSpecs":[
         {
            "fileSpecType":"File",
            "path":"RestoreTest.txt",
            "targetFolderPath":null
}
],
      "restoreRequestType":"ItemLevelRestore",
      "sourceResourceId":"/subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/azurefiles/providers/Microsoft.storage/storageAccounts/afsaccount",
      "targetDetails":null
}
}

使用 REST API 还原到备用位置以执行项级别恢复

以下请求正文是将 afsaccount 存储帐户中 azurefiles 文件共享中的 Restoretest.txt 文件还原到 afaccount1 存储帐户中 azurefiles1 文件共享的 restoredata 文件夹。

创建请求正文

{
   "properties":{
      "objectType":"AzureFileShareRestoreRequest",
      "recoveryType":"AlternateLocation",
      "sourceResourceId":"/subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/AzureFiles/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/afsaccount",
      "copyOptions":"Overwrite",
      "restoreRequestType":"ItemLevelRestore",
      "restoreFileSpecs":[
         {
            "path":"Restore/RestoreTest.txt",
            "fileSpecType":"File",
            "targetFolderPath":"restoredata"
}
],
      "targetDetails":{
         "name":"azurefiles1",
         "targetResourceId":"/subscriptions/ef4ab5a7-c2c0-4304-af80-af49f48af3d1/resourceGroups/AzureFiles/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/afaccount1"
}
}
}

应该按照上文所述的实现完整共享还原的相同方式处理响应。

后续步骤

了解如何使用 REST API 管理 Azure 文件备份。

다음을 통해 공유

使用 REST API 还原 Azure 文件

先决条件

提取 ContainerName 和 ProtectedItemName

为备份的 Azure 文件提取恢复点

提取恢复点的示例响应

使用 REST API 恢复完整的共享

创建请求正文

还原到原始位置

用于还原到原始位置的请求正文示例

还原到备用位置

用于还原到备用位置的请求正文示例

响应

响应示例

使用 REST API 执行项级别恢复

使用 REST API 创建实现项级别恢复的请求正文

使用 REST API 还原到原始位置以执行项级别恢复

使用 REST API 还原到备用位置以执行项级别恢复

后续步骤

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