Azure Monitor 代理概述Overview of Azure Monitor agents
虚拟机和其他计算资源需要代理收集所需的监视数据，以度量其来宾操作系统和工作负荷的性能和可用性。Virtual machines and other compute resources require an agent to collect monitoring data required to measure the performance and availability of their guest operating system and workloads. 本文介绍 Azure Monitor 使用的代理，并帮助你确定需要满足特定环境的哪些要求。This article describes the agents used by Azure Monitor and helps you determine which you need to meet the requirements for your particular environment.
备注
由于 Azure Monitor 和 Log Analytics 最近已合并到一起，Azure Monitor 目前有多个代理。Azure Monitor currently has multiple agents because of recent consolidation of Azure Monitor and Log Analytics. 虽然它们的特性可能存在重叠，但每个特性都有独特的功能。While there may be overlap in their features, each has unique capabilities. 可能需要在计算机上有一个或多个代理，具体取决于要求。Depending on your requirements, you may need one or more of the agents on your machines.
你可能有一组特定的要求，这些要求在为特定计算机设置单个代理的情况下无法完全满足。You may have a specific set of requirements that can't be completely met with a single agent for a particular machine. 例如，你可能想要使用需要 Azure 诊断扩展的指标警报，但同时又想要利用用于 VM 的 Azure Monitor 功能，该功能需要 Log Analytics 代理和依赖项代理。For example, you may want to use metric alerts which requires Azure diagnostics extension but also want to leverage the functionality of Azure Monitor for VMs which requires the Log Analytics agent and the Dependency agent. 在这样的情况下，可以使用多个代理。对于需要每个代理中的功能的客户，这很常见。In cases such as this, you can use multiple agents, and this is a common scenario for customers who require functionality from each.
代理摘要Summary of agents
下表对适用于 Windows 和 Linux 的 Azure Monitor 代理进行了快速比较。The following tables provide a quick comparison of the Azure Monitor agents for Windows and Linux. 以下部分提供了每个代理的更多详细信息。Further detail on each is provided in the section below.
备注
Azure Monitor 代理目前以功能有限的预览版提供。The Azure Monitor agent is currently in preview with limited capabilities. 此表会进行更新This table will be updated
Windows 代理Windows agents
| Azure Monitor 代理（预览版）Azure Monitor agent (preview) | 诊断Diagnostics 扩展 (WAD)extension (WAD) |
Log AnalyticsLog Analytics 代理agent |
依赖项Dependency 代理agent |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 支持的环境Environments supported | AzureAzure | AzureAzure | AzureAzure 其他云Other cloud 本地On-premises |
AzureAzure 其他云Other cloud 本地On-premises |
| 代理要求Agent requirements | 无None | 无None | 无None | 需要 Log Analytics 代理Requires Log Analytics agent |
| 收集的数据Data collected | 事件日志Event Logs 性能Performance |
事件日志Event Logs ETW 事件ETW events 性能Performance 基于文件的日志File based logs IIS 日志IIS logs .NET 应用日志.NET app logs 故障转储Crash dumps 代理诊断日志Agent diagnostics logs |
事件日志Event Logs 性能Performance 基于文件的日志File based logs IIS 日志IIS logs 见解和解决方案Insights and solutions 其他服务Other services |
过程依赖项Process dependencies 网络连接指标Network connection metrics |
| 数据发送目标Data sent to | Azure Monitor 日志Azure Monitor Logs Azure Monitor 指标Azure Monitor Metrics |
Azure 存储Azure Storage Azure Monitor 指标Azure Monitor Metrics 事件中心Event Hub |
Azure Monitor 日志Azure Monitor Logs | Azure Monitor 日志Azure Monitor Logs （通过 Log Analytics 代理）(through Log Analytics agent) |
| 支持的Services and 功能features 支持supported |
Log AnalyticsLog Analytics 指标资源管理器Metrics explorer |
指标资源管理器Metrics explorer | 用于 VM 的 Azure MonitorAzure Monitor for VMs Log AnalyticsLog Analytics Azure 自动化Azure Automation Azure 安全中心Azure Security Center |
用于 VM 的 Azure MonitorAzure Monitor for VMs 服务映射Service Map |
Linux 代理Linux agents
| Azure Monitor 代理（预览版）Azure Monitor agent (preview) | 诊断Diagnostics 扩展 (LAD)extension (LAD) |
TelegrafTelegraf 代理agent |
Log AnalyticsLog Analytics 代理agent |
依赖项Dependency 代理agent |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 支持的环境Environments supported | AzureAzure | AzureAzure | AzureAzure 其他云Other cloud 本地On-premises |
AzureAzure 其他云Other cloud 本地On-premises |
AzureAzure 其他云Other cloud 本地On-premises |
| 代理要求Agent requirements | 无None | 无None | 无None | 无None | 需要 Log Analytics 代理Requires Log Analytics agent |
| 收集的数据Data collected | SyslogSyslog 性能Performance |
SyslogSyslog 性能Performance |
性能Performance | SyslogSyslog 性能Performance |
过程依赖项Process dependencies 网络连接指标Network connection metrics |
| 数据发送目标Data sent to | Azure Monitor 日志Azure Monitor Logs Azure Monitor 指标Azure Monitor Metrics |
Azure 存储Azure Storage 事件中心Event Hub |
Azure Monitor 指标Azure Monitor Metrics | Azure Monitor 日志Azure Monitor Logs | Azure Monitor 日志Azure Monitor Logs （通过 Log Analytics 代理）(through Log Analytics agent) |
| 支持的Services and 功能features 支持supported |
Log AnalyticsLog Analytics 指标资源管理器Metrics explorer |
指标资源管理器Metrics explorer | 用于 VM 的 Azure MonitorAzure Monitor for VMs Log AnalyticsLog Analytics Azure 自动化Azure Automation Azure 安全中心Azure Security Center |
用于 VM 的 Azure MonitorAzure Monitor for VMs 服务映射Service Map |
Log Analytics 代理Log Analytics agent
Log Analytics 代理从 Azure 中的虚拟机、其他云提供商和本地计算机的来宾操作系统与工作负载收集监视数据。The Log Analytics agent collects monitoring data from the guest operating system and workloads of virtual machines in Azure, other cloud providers, and on-premises machines. 它会将数据发送到 Log Analytics 工作区。It sends data to a Log Analytics workspace. Log Analytics 代理是 System Center Operations Manager 使用的代理，你可以通过多宿主代理计算机同时与管理组和 Azure Monitor 通信。The Log Analytics agent is the same agent used by System Center Operations Manager, and you can multihome agent computers to communicate with your management group and Azure Monitor simultaneously. Azure Monitor 和 Azure 中的其他服务中的某些见解也需要此代理。This agent is also required by certain insights in Azure Monitor and other services in Azure.
备注
适用于 Windows 的 Log Analytics 代理通常称作 Microsoft Monitoring Agent (MMA)。The Log Analytics agent for Windows is often referred to as Microsoft Monitoring Agent (MMA). 适用于 Linux 的 Log Analytics 代理通常称作 OMS 代理。The Log Analytics agent for Linux is often referred to as OMS agent.
如果需要执行以下操作，请使用 Log Analytics 代理：Use the Log Analytics agent if you need to:
- 从 Azure 外部托管的 Azure 虚拟机或混合计算机收集日志和性能数据。Collect logs and performance data from Azure virtual machines or hybrid machines hosted outside of Azure.
- 将数据发送到 Log Analytics 工作区，以利用 Azure Monitor 日志支持的功能，例如日志查询。Send data to a Log Analytics workspace to take advantage of features supported by Azure Monitor Logs such as log queries.
- 使用 Azure 安全中心管理计算机安全性。Manage the security of your machines using Azure Security Center.
- 使用 Azure 自动化更新管理或 Azure 自动化 State Configuration 提供对 Azure 和非 Azure 计算机的全面管理。Use Azure Automation Update Management, or Azure Automation State Configuration to deliver comprehensive management of your Azure and non-Azure machines.
- 使用不同的解决方案监视特定服务或者应用程序。Use different solutions to monitor a particular service or application.
Log Analytics 代理的限制包括：Limitations of the Log Analytics agent include:
- 无法将数据发送到 Azure Monitor 指标、Azure 存储或 Azure 事件中心。Cannot send data to Azure Monitor Metrics, Azure Storage, or Azure Event Hubs.
- 难以为单个代理配置唯一的监视定义。Difficult to configure unique monitoring definitions for individual agents.
- 难以大规模管理，因为每个虚拟机都有唯一的配置。Difficult to manage at scale since each virtual machine has a unique configuration.
Azure 诊断扩展Azure diagnostics extension
Azure 诊断扩展从 Azure 虚拟机和其他计算资源的来宾操作系统和工作负载收集监视数据。The Azure Diagnostics extension collects monitoring data from the guest operating system and workloads of Azure virtual machines and other compute resources. 它主要将数据收集到 Azure 存储中，但也允许你通过定义数据接收器将数据同时发送到其他目标（例如 Azure Monitor 指标和 Azure 事件中心）。It primarily collects data into Azure Storage but also allows you to define data sinks to also send data to other destinations such as Azure Monitor Metrics and Azure Event Hubs.
如果需要执行以下操作，请使用 Azure 诊断扩展：Use Azure diagnostic extension if you need to:
- 将数据发送到 Azure 存储进行存档，或使用 Azure 存储资源管理器之类的工具对其进行分析。Send data to Azure Storage for archiving or to analyze it with tools such as Azure Storage Explorer.
- 将数据发送到 Azure Monitor 指标，以便使用指标资源管理器对其进行分析，并利用准实时指标警报和自动缩放之类的功能（仅限 Windows）。Send data to Azure Monitor Metrics to analyze it with metrics explorer and to take advantage of features such as near real-time metric alerts and autoscale (Windows only).
- 使用 Azure 事件中心将数据发送到第三方工具。Send data to third-party tools using Azure Event Hubs.
- 收集启动诊断数据，调查 VM 启动问题。Collect Boot Diagnostics to investigate VM boot issues.
Azure 诊断扩展的限制包括：Limitations of Azure diagnostics extension include:
- 只能与 Azure 资源配合使用。Can only be used with Azure resources.
- 将数据发送到 Azure Monitor 日志的功能有限。Limited ability to send data to Azure Monitor Logs.
Telegraf 代理Telegraf agent
InfluxData Telegraf 代理用于将性能数据从 Linux 计算机收集到 Azure Monitor 指标。The InfluxData Telegraf agent is used to collect performance data from Linux computers to Azure Monitor Metrics.
如果需要执行以下操作，请使用 Telegraf 代理：Use Telegraf agent if you need to:
- 将数据发送到 Azure Monitor 指标，以便使用指标资源管理器对其进行分析，并利用准实时指标警报和自动缩放之类的功能（仅限 Linux）。Send data to Azure Monitor Metrics to analyze it with metrics explorer and to take advantage of features such as near real-time metric alerts and autoscale (Linux only).
虚拟机扩展Virtual machine extensions
Windows 和 Linux 的 Log Analytics 扩展在 Azure 虚拟机上安装 Log Analytics 代理。The Log Analytics extension for Windows and Linux install the Log Analytics agent on Azure virtual machines. Windows 和 Linux 的 Azure Monitor 依赖项扩展在 Azure 虚拟机上安装 Dependency Agent。The Azure Monitor Dependency extension for Windows and Linux install the Dependency agent on Azure virtual machines. 它们是如上所述的代理，但你可以通过虚拟机扩展对它们进行管理。These are the same agents described above but allow you to manage them through virtual machine extensions. 应尽可能使用扩展来安装和管理代理。You should use extensions to install and manage the agents whenever possible.
支持的操作系统Supported operating systems
下表列出了 Azure Monitor 代理支持的操作系统。The following tables list the operating systems that are supported by the Azure Monitor agents. 请参阅每个代理的文档，以了解独特的注意事项和安装过程。See the documentation for each agent for unique considerations and for the installation process. 请参阅 Telegraf 文档以了解其支持的操作系统。See Telegraf documentation for its supported operating systems. 所有操作系统都假定为 x64。All operating systems are assumed to be x64. 任何操作系统均不支持 x86。x86 is not supported for any operating system.
WindowsWindows
| 操作系统Operating system | Azure Monitor 代理Azure Monitor agent | Log Analytics 代理Log Analytics agent | 依赖关系代理Dependency agent | 诊断扩展Diagnostics extension |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Windows Server 2019Windows Server 2019 | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Windows Server 2016Windows Server 2016 | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Windows Server 2016 CoreWindows Server 2016 Core | XX | |||
| Windows Server 2012 R2Windows Server 2012 R2 | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Windows Server 2012Windows Server 2012 | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Windows Server 2008 R2Windows Server 2008 R2 | XX | XX | XX | |
| Windows 10 企业版Windows 10 Enterprise （包括多会话）和专业版(including multi-session) and Pro （仅限服务器方案）(Server scenarios only) |
XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Windows 8 企业版和专业版Windows 8 Enterprise and Pro （仅限服务器方案）(Server scenarios only) |
XX | XX | ||
| Windows 7 SP1Windows 7 SP1 （仅限服务器方案）(Server scenarios only) |
XX | XX |
LinuxLinux
| 操作系统Operating system | Azure Monitor 代理 1Azure Monitor agent 1 | Log Analytics 代理 1Log Analytics agent 1 | 依赖关系代理Dependency agent | 诊断扩展 2Diagnostics extension 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Linux 2017.09Amazon Linux 2017.09 | XX | |||
| CentOS Linux 8CentOS Linux 8 | X 3X 3 | XX | XX | |
| CentOS Linux 7CentOS Linux 7 | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| CentOS Linux 6CentOS Linux 6 | XX | |||
| CentOS Linux 6.5+CentOS Linux 6.5+ | XX | XX | XX | |
| Debian 10 1Debian 10 1 | XX | |||
| Debian 9Debian 9 | XX | XX | xx | XX |
| Debian 8Debian 8 | XX | XX | ||
| Debian 7Debian 7 | XX | |||
| OpenSUSE 13.1+OpenSUSE 13.1+ | XX | |||
| Oracle Linux 8Oracle Linux 8 | X 3X 3 | XX | ||
| Oracle Linux 7Oracle Linux 7 | XX | XX | XX | |
| Oracle Linux 6Oracle Linux 6 | XX | |||
| Oracle Linux 6.4+Oracle Linux 6.4+ | XX | XX | ||
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 8Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 8 | X 3X 3 | XX | XX | |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7 | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 6Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 6 | XX | XX | ||
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 6.7+Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 6.7+ | XX | XX | XX | |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15.2SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15.2 | X 3X 3 | |||
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15.1SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15.1 | X 3X 3 | XX | ||
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 | XX | XX | XX | |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTSUbuntu 20.04 LTS | XX | XX | XX | |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTSUbuntu 18.04 LTS | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTSUbuntu 16.04 LTS | XX | XX | XX | XX |
| Ubuntu 14.04 LTSUbuntu 14.04 LTS | XX | XX |
1 需要在计算机安装 Python（2 或 3）。1 Requires Python (2 or 3) to be installed on the machine.
2 需要在计算机上安装 Python 2。2 Requires Python 2 to be installed on the machine.
3 有关收集 Syslog 事件的已知问题。3 Known issue collecting Syslog events. 当前仅支持性能数据。Only performance data is currently supported.
Dependency Agent Linux 内核支持Dependency agent Linux kernel support
由于 Dependency Agent 在内核级别工作，因此支持也依赖于内核版本。Since the Dependency agent works at the kernel level, support is also dependent on the kernel version. 下表列出了 Dependency Agent 的主要和次要 Linux OS 版本以及支持的内核版本。The following table lists the major and minor Linux OS release and supported kernel versions for the Dependency agent.
| 分发Distribution | OS 版本OS version | 内核版本Kernel version |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Linux 8Red Hat Linux 8 | 8.28.2 | 4.18.0-193.*el8_2.x86_644.18.0-193.*el8_2.x86_64 |
| 8.18.1 | 4.18.0-147.*el8_1.x86_644.18.0-147.*el8_1.x86_64 | |
| 8.08.0 | 4.18.0-80.*el8.x86_644.18.0-80.*el8.x86_64 4.18.0-80.*el8_0.x86_644.18.0-80.*el8_0.x86_64 |
|
| Red Hat Linux 7Red Hat Linux 7 | 7.97.9 | 3.10.0-11603.10.0-1160 |
| 7.87.8 | 3.10.0-11363.10.0-1136 | |
| 7.77.7 | 3.10.0-10623.10.0-1062 | |
| 7.67.6 | 3.10.0-9573.10.0-957 | |
| 7.57.5 | 3.10.0-8623.10.0-862 | |
| 7.47.4 | 3.10.0-6933.10.0-693 | |
| Red Hat Linux 6Red Hat Linux 6 | 6.106.10 | 2.6.32-7542.6.32-754 |
| 6.96.9 | 2.6.32-6962.6.32-696 | |
| CentOS Linux 8CentOS Linux 8 | 8.28.2 | 4.18.0-193.*el8_2.x86_644.18.0-193.*el8_2.x86_64 |
| 8.18.1 | 4.18.0-147.*el8_1.x86_644.18.0-147.*el8_1.x86_64 | |
| 8.08.0 | 4.18.0-80.*el8.x86_644.18.0-80.*el8.x86_64 4.18.0-80.*el8_0.x86_644.18.0-80.*el8_0.x86_64 |
|
| CentOS Linux 7CentOS Linux 7 | 7.97.9 | 3.10.0-11603.10.0-1160 |
| 7.87.8 | 3.10.0-11363.10.0-1136 | |
| 7.77.7 | 3.10.0-10623.10.0-1062 | |
| CentOS Linux 6CentOS Linux 6 | 6.106.10 | 2.6.32-754.3.52.6.32-754.3.5 2.6.32-696.30.12.6.32-696.30.1 |
| 6.96.9 | 2.6.32-696.30.12.6.32-696.30.1 2.6.32-696.18.72.6.32-696.18.7 |
|
| Ubuntu ServerUbuntu Server | 20.0420.04 | 5.4*5.4* |
| 18.0418.04 | 5.3.0-10205.3.0-1020 5.0（包括 Azure 优化内核）5.0 (includes Azure-tuned kernel) 4.18 4.154.18 4.15 |
|
| 16.04.316.04.3 | 4.15.*4.15.* | |
| 16.0416.04 | 4.13.*4.13.* 4.11.*4.11.* 4.10.*4.10.* 4.8.*4.8.* 4.4.*4.4.* |
|
| SUSE Linux 12 Enterprise ServerSUSE Linux 12 Enterprise Server | 1515 | 4.12.14-150*4.12.14-150* |
| 12 SP412 SP4 | 4.12.*（包括 Azure 优化内核）4.12.* (includes Azure-tuned kernel) | |
| 12 SP312 SP3 | 4.4.*4.4.* | |
| 12 SP212 SP2 | 4.4.*4.4.* | |
| DebianDebian | 99 | 4.94.9 |
后续步骤Next steps
在以下站点获取每个代理的更多详细信息：Get more details on each of the agents at the following: