在 Azure Monitor 中对经典指标警报调用 WebhookCall a webhook with a classic metric alert in Azure Monitor

• 08/20/2020
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可以使用 Webhook 将 Azure 警报通知路由到其他系统，以便进行后续处理或自定义操作。You can use webhooks to route an Azure alert notification to other systems for post-processing or custom actions. 可以针对警报使用 Webhook，以将警报路由到可以发送短信的服务，以记录 Bug、通过聊天/消息服务通知团队，或进行各种其他操作。You can use a webhook on an alert to route it to services that send SMS messages, to log bugs, to notify a team via chat or messaging services, or for various other actions.

本文介绍如何针对 Azure 指标警报设置 Webhook。This article describes how to set a webhook on an Azure metric alert. 此外，还说明向 Webhook 发出的 HTTP POST 的有效负载的大致形式。It also shows you what the payload for the HTTP POST to a webhook looks like. 有关 Azure 活动日志警报（事件警报）的设置和架构的信息，针对 Azure 活动日志警报调用 Webhook。For information about the setup and schema for an Azure activity log alert (alert on events), see Call a webhook on an Azure activity log alert.

Azure 警报使用 HTTP POST 将警报内容以 JSON 格式发送到创建警报时提供的 Webhook URI。Azure alerts use HTTP POST to send the alert contents in JSON format to a webhook URI that you provide when you create the alert. 本文中稍后将定义架构。The schema is defined later in this article. 此 URI 必须是有效的 HTTP 或 HTTPS 终结点。The URI must be a valid HTTP or HTTPS endpoint. 激活警报时，Azure 会针对每个请求发布一个条目。Azure posts one entry per request when an alert is activated.

通过 Azure 门户配置 WebhookConfigure webhooks via the Azure portal

若要添加或更新 Webhook URI，请在 Azure 门户中转到“创建/更新警报”****。To add or update the webhook URI, in the Azure portal, go to Create/Update Alerts.

还可以使用 Azure PowerShell cmdlet、跨平台 CLI 或 Azure Monitor REST API 将警报配置为发布到 Webhook URI。You can also configure an alert to post to a webhook URI by using Azure PowerShell cmdlets, a cross-platform CLI, or Azure Monitor REST APIs.

对 webhook 进行身份验证Authenticate the webhook

Webhook 可使用基于令牌的身份验证进行身份验证。The webhook can authenticate by using token-based authorization. 保存的 Webhook URI 具有令牌 ID。The webhook URI is saved with a token ID. 例如： https://mysamplealert/webcallback?tokenid=sometokenid&someparameter=somevalueFor example: https://mysamplealert/webcallback?tokenid=sometokenid&someparameter=somevalue

负载架构Payload schema

POST 操作对于所有基于指标的警报包含以下 JSON 有效负载和架构：The POST operation contains the following JSON payload and schema for all metric-based alerts:

{
    "status": "Activated",
    "context": {
        "timestamp": "2015-08-14T22:26:41.9975398Z",
        "id": "/subscriptions/s1/resourceGroups/chinaeast/providers/microsoft.insights/alertrules/ruleName1",
        "name": "ruleName1",
        "description": "some description",
        "conditionType": "Metric",
        "condition": {
            "metricName": "Requests",
            "metricUnit": "Count",
            "metricValue": "10",
            "threshold": "10",
            "windowSize": "15",
            "timeAggregation": "Average",
            "operator": "GreaterThanOrEqual"
        },
        "subscriptionId": "s1",
        "resourceGroupName": "chinaeast",
        "resourceName": "mysite1",
        "resourceType": "microsoft.foo/sites",
        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/s1/resourceGroups/chinaeast/providers/microsoft.foo/sites/mysite1",
        "resourceRegion": "chinaeast",
        "portalLink": "https://portal.azure.cn/#resource/subscriptions/s1/resourceGroups/chinaeast/providers/microsoft.foo/sites/mysite1"
    },
    "properties": {
        "key1": "value1",
        "key2": "value2"
    }
}

后续步骤Next steps

• 通过将 Azure 警报与 PagerDuty 集成视频了解有关 Azure 警报和 Webhook 的详细信息。Learn more about Azure alerts and webhooks in the video Integrate Azure alerts with PagerDuty.
• 了解如何对 Azure 警报执行 Azure 自动化脚本 (Runbook)。Learn how to execute Azure Automation scripts (runbooks) on Azure alerts.
• 了解如何使用逻辑应用通过 Twilio 从 Azure 警报发送短信。Learn how to use a logic app to send an SMS message via Twilio from an Azure alert.
• 了解如何使用逻辑应用从 Azure 警报发送 Slack 消息。Learn how to use a logic app to send a Slack message from an Azure alert.
• 了解如何使用逻辑应用从 Azure 警报将消息发送到 Azure 队列。Learn how to use a logic app to send a message to an Azure queue from an Azure alert.