通过

$unset

聚合管道中的 $unset 阶段用于移除文档中的指定字段。 当需要从聚合查询结果中排除某些字段时（出于隐私、减少有效负载大小或直接清理输出之类的原因），这尤其有用。

语法

{
    $unset: "<field1>" | ["<field1>", "<field2>", ...]
}

参数

参数 DESCRIPTION
field1, field2, ... 要从文档中移除的字段的名称。

例子

请考虑商店集合中的这个示例文档。

{
    "_id": "0fcc0bf0-ed18-4ab8-b558-9848e18058f4",
    "name": "First Up Consultants | Beverage Shop - Satterfieldmouth",
    "location": {
        "lat": -89.2384,
        "lon": -46.4012
    },
    "staff": {
        "totalStaff": {
            "fullTime": 8,
            "partTime": 20
        }
    },
    "sales": {
        "totalSales": 75670,
        "salesByCategory": [
            {
                "categoryName": "Wine Accessories",
                "totalSales": 34440
            },
            {
                "categoryName": "Bitters",
                "totalSales": 39496
            },
            {
                "categoryName": "Rum",
                "totalSales": 1734
            }
        ]
    },
    "promotionEvents": [
        {
            "eventName": "Unbeatable Bargain Bash",
            "promotionalDates": {
                "startDate": {
                    "Year": 2024,
                    "Month": 6,
                    "Day": 23
                },
                "endDate": {
                    "Year": 2024,
                    "Month": 7,
                    "Day": 2
                }
            },
            "discounts": [
                {
                    "categoryName": "Whiskey",
                    "discountPercentage": 7
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Bitters",
                    "discountPercentage": 15
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Brandy",
                    "discountPercentage": 8
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Sports Drinks",
                    "discountPercentage": 22
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Vodka",
                    "discountPercentage": 19
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "eventName": "Steal of a Deal Days",
            "promotionalDates": {
                "startDate": {
                    "Year": 2024,
                    "Month": 9,
                    "Day": 21
                },
                "endDate": {
                    "Year": 2024,
                    "Month": 9,
                    "Day": 29
                }
            },
            "discounts": [
                {
                    "categoryName": "Organic Wine",
                    "discountPercentage": 19
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "White Wine",
                    "discountPercentage": 20
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Sparkling Wine",
                    "discountPercentage": 19
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Whiskey",
                    "discountPercentage": 17
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Vodka",
                    "discountPercentage": 23
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

示例 1：删除单个字段

从文档中删除位置字段。

db.stores.aggregate([
  {
    $unset: "store.location"
  }
])

此查询返回的第一个结果为：

[
  {
    "_id": "7954bd5c-9ac2-4c10-bb7a-2b79bd0963c5",
    "store": {
      "name": "Downtown Store",
      "sales": {
        "totalSales": 15000,
        "salesByCategory": [
          {
            "category": "Electronics",
            "totalSales": 5000
          },
          {
            "category": "Clothing",
            "totalSales": 10000
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
]

示例 2：删除多个字段

从文档中删除位置和 sales.totalSales 字段。

db.stores.aggregate([
  {
    $unset: ["store.location", "store.sales.totalSales"]
  }
])

此查询返回的第一个结果为：

[
  {
    "_id": "7954bd5c-9ac2-4c10-bb7a-2b79bd0963c5",
    "store": {
      "name": "Downtown Store",
      "sales": {
        "salesByCategory": [
          {
            "category": "Electronics",
            "totalSales": 5000
          },
          {
            "category": "Clothing",
            "totalSales": 10000
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
]

示例 3：删除嵌套字段

从文档中删除 staff.totalStaff.fullTime 和 promotionEvents.discounts 字段。

db.stores.aggregate([
  {
    $unset: ["store.staff.totalStaff.fullTime", "store.promotionEvents.discounts"]
  }
])

此查询返回的第一个结果为：

[
  {
    "_id": "7954bd5c-9ac2-4c10-bb7a-2b79bd0963c5",
    "store": {
      "name": "Downtown Store",
      "staff": {
        "totalStaff": {
          "partTime": 8
        }
      },
      "promotionEvents": ["Summer Sale", "Black Friday", "Holiday Deals"]
    }
  }
]

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