通过

$hour

运算符 $hour 将日期的小时部分作为介于 0 和 23 之间的数字返回。 运算符接受解析为 Date、Timestamp 或 ObjectId 的日期表达式。

语法

{
  $hour: <dateExpression>
}

参数

参数 DESCRIPTION
dateExpression 解析为 Date、Timestamp 或 ObjectId 的表达式。 如果表达式解析为 null 或缺失， $hour 则返回 null。

示例：

让我们了解 stores 数据集中的示例 json 的用法。

{
  "_id": "e6410bb3-843d-4fa6-8c70-7472925f6d0a",
  "name": "Relecloud | Toy Collection - North Jaylan",
  "location": {
    "lat": 2.0797,
    "lon": -94.4134
  },
  "staff": {
    "employeeCount": {
      "fullTime": 7,
      "partTime": 4
    }
  },
  "sales": {
    "salesByCategory": [
      {
        "categoryName": "Educational Toys",
        "totalSales": 3299
      }
    ],
    "revenue": 3299
  },
  "promotionEvents": [
    {
      "eventName": "Massive Markdown Mania",
      "promotionalDates": {
        "startDate": {
          "Year": 2024,
          "Month": 9,
          "Day": 21
        },
        "endDate": {
          "Year": 2024,
          "Month": 9,
          "Day": 29
        }
      },
      "discounts": [
        {
          "categoryName": "Remote Control Toys",
          "discountPercentage": 6
        },
        {
          "categoryName": "Building Sets",
          "discountPercentage": 21
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "company": "Relecloud",
  "city": "North Jaylan",
  "lastUpdated": {
    "$timestamp": {
      "t": 1733313006,
      "i": 1
    }
  },
  "storeOpeningDate": "2024-09-05T11:50:06.549Z"
}

示例 1：从当前日期提取小时

该示例演示如何从当前日期和时间中提取 hour 数据。

db.stores.aggregate([
  { $match: { "_id": "e6410bb3-843d-4fa6-8c70-7472925f6d0a" } },
  {
    $project: {
      name: 1,
      storeOpeningDate: 1,
      currentHour: { $hour: new Date() },
      documentHour: { $hour: "$storeOpeningDate" }
    }
  }
])

该查询从 ObjectId 创建时间返回当前小时和小时。

{
  "_id": "e6410bb3-843d-4fa6-8c70-7472925f6d0a",
  "name": "Relecloud | Toy Collection - North Jaylan",
  "storeOpeningDate": "2024-09-05T11:50:06.549Z",
  "currentHour": 12,
  "documentHour": 11
}

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