通过

$mergeObjects

运算符 $mergeObjects 将多个文档合并到单个文档中。 mergeObjects作用于聚合管道，以合并来自不同文档的字段或向现有文档添加一个或多个字段。 当发生冲突时，运算符用源文档中的字段覆盖目标文档中的字段。

语法

{
  $mergeObjects: [ < document1 > , < document2 > , ...]
}

parameters

参数 说明
document1, document2 要合并的文档。 可以将文档指定为字段路径、子文档或常量。

例子

让我们了解 stores 数据集中的示例 json 的用法。

{
    "_id": "0fcc0bf0-ed18-4ab8-b558-9848e18058f4",
    "name": "First Up Consultants | Beverage Shop - Satterfieldmouth",
    "location": {
        "lat": -89.2384,
        "lon": -46.4012
    },
    "staff": {
        "totalStaff": {
            "fullTime": 8,
            "partTime": 20
        }
    },
    "sales": {
        "totalSales": 75670,
        "salesByCategory": [
            {
                "categoryName": "Wine Accessories",
                "totalSales": 34440
            },
            {
                "categoryName": "Bitters",
                "totalSales": 39496
            },
            {
                "categoryName": "Rum",
                "totalSales": 1734
            }
        ]
    },
    "promotionEvents": [
        {
            "eventName": "Unbeatable Bargain Bash",
            "promotionalDates": {
                "startDate": {
                    "Year": 2024,
                    "Month": 6,
                    "Day": 23
                },
                "endDate": {
                    "Year": 2024,
                    "Month": 7,
                    "Day": 2
                }
            },
            "discounts": [
                {
                    "categoryName": "Whiskey",
                    "discountPercentage": 7
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Bitters",
                    "discountPercentage": 15
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Brandy",
                    "discountPercentage": 8
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Sports Drinks",
                    "discountPercentage": 22
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Vodka",
                    "discountPercentage": 19
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "eventName": "Steal of a Deal Days",
            "promotionalDates": {
                "startDate": {
                    "Year": 2024,
                    "Month": 9,
                    "Day": 21
                },
                "endDate": {
                    "Year": 2024,
                    "Month": 9,
                    "Day": 29
                }
            },
            "discounts": [
                {
                    "categoryName": "Organic Wine",
                    "discountPercentage": 19
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "White Wine",
                    "discountPercentage": 20
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Sparkling Wine",
                    "discountPercentage": 19
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Whiskey",
                    "discountPercentage": 17
                },
                {
                    "categoryName": "Vodka",
                    "discountPercentage": 23
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

示例 1 - 将文档合并为按销售子文档分组的累加器

查询是一个聚合管道，它使用$mergeObjects合并特定公司每个城市的所有销售子文档。

db.stores.aggregate([
  {
    $match: {
      company: "Fourth Coffee"
    }
  },
  {
    $group: {
      _id: "$city",
      mergedSales: {
        $mergeObjects: "$sales"
      }
    }
  },
  {
    $limit: 2   // returns only the first 3 grouped cities
  }
])

查询按城市存储公司“Fourth Coffee”的文档，并将其销售字段合并到每个城市的单个对象中。

[
  {
      "_id": "Jalonborough",
      "mergedSales": {
          "totalSales": 45747,
          "salesByCategory": [
              {
                  "categoryName": "Bucket Bags",
                  "totalSales": 45747
              }
          ]
      }
  },
  {
      "_id": "Port Vladimir",
      "mergedSales": {
          "totalSales": 32000,
          "salesByCategory": [
              {
                  "categoryName": "DJ Speakers",
                  "totalSales": 24989
              },
              {
                  "categoryName": "DJ Cables",
                  "totalSales": 7011
              }
          ]
      }
  }
]

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