DROP CONSTRAINT 子句

适用于:勾选“是” Databricks SQL 勾选“是” Databricks Runtime

从表中删除主键、外键或 CHECK 约束。

语法

DROP { PRIMARY KEY [ IF EXISTS ] [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ] |
       FOREIGN KEY [ IF EXISTS ] ( column [, ...] ) |
       CONSTRAINT [ IF EXISTS ] name [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ] }

参数

  • PRIMARY KEY [ IF EXISTS ]

    适用于:勾选“是” Databricks SQL 勾选“是” Databricks Runtime 11.3 LTS 及更高版本 勾选“是” 仅 Unity Catalog

    从表中删除主键。

  • FOREIGN KEY [ IF EXISTS ] ( column [, …] )

    适用于:勾选“是” Databricks SQL 勾选“是” Databricks Runtime 11.3 LTS 及更高版本 勾选“是” 仅 Unity Catalog

    删除由列的有序列表标识的外键。

  • CONSTRAINT [ IF EXISTS ] name

    删除由名称标识的主键、外键或 CHECK 约束。 CHECK 约束只能按名称删除。

  • RESTRICTCASCADE

    如果指定 RESTRICT 并且主键由任何外键引用,则语句将失败。 如果指定 CASCADE,则删除主键会导致删除任何引用该表的外键。 默认为 RESTRICT

  • IF EXISTS

    如果指定 IF EXISTS,如果表没有匹配的约束,则将忽略该语句。

示例

> CREATE TABLE persons(first_name STRING NOT NULL, last_name STRING NOT NULL, nickname STRING);
> ALTER TABLE persons ADD CONSTRAINT persons_pk PRIMARY KEY(first_name, last_name);

> CREATE TABLE pets(name STRING, owner_first_name STRING, owner_last_name STRING);
> ALTER TABLE pets ADD CONSTRAINT pets_persons_fk FOREIGN KEY (owner_first_name, owner_last_name) REFERENCES persons;

> ALTER TABLE pets ADD CONSTRAINT pets_name_not_cute_chk CHECK (length(name) < 20);

-- Drop the check constraint by name
> ALTER TABLE pets DROP CONSTRAINT pets_name_not_cute_chk;

-- Attempt to drop the primary key of persons by name
> ALTER TABLE persons DROP CONSTRAINT persons_pk RESTRICT;
  Error: A foreign key `pets_persons_fk` depends on the primary key

-- Drop the foreign key from pets by listing the columns
> ALTER TABLE pets DROP FOREIGN KEY IF EXISTS  (owner_first_name, owner_last_name);

-- Drop the primary key of persons
> ALTER TABLE persons DROP PRIMARY KEY CASCADE;