快速入门：使用 Bicep 创建 Azure DNS 专用解析程序

项目
2024-07-08

本快速入门介绍如何使用 Bicep 创建 Azure DNS 专用解析程序。

Bicep 是一种特定于域的语言 (DSL)，使用声明性语法来部署 Azure 资源。它提供简明的语法、可靠的类型安全性以及对代码重用的支持。 Bicep 会针对你的 Azure 基础结构即代码解决方案提供最佳创作体验。

下图总结了所使用的常规设置。模板中使用的子网地址范围与图中所示的子网地址范围略有不同。

先决条件

如果没有 Azure 订阅，可在开始前创建一个试用帐户。

查阅 Bicep 文件

本快速入门中使用的 Bicep 文件来自 Azure 快速入门模板。

此 Bicep 文件配置为创建：

虚拟网络
DNS 解析程序
入站和出站终结点
转发规则和规则集。

@description('name of the new virtual network where DNS resolver will be created')
param resolverVNETName string = 'dnsresolverVNET'

@description('the IP address space for the resolver virtual network')
param resolverVNETAddressSpace string = '10.7.0.0/24'

@description('name of the dns private resolver')
param dnsResolverName string = 'dnsResolver'

@description('the location for resolver VNET and dns private resolver - Azure DNS Private Resolver available in specific region, refer the documenation to select the supported region for this deployment. For more information https://docs.azure.cn/dns/dns-private-resolver-overview#regional-availability')
@allowed([
  'chinanorth3',
  'chinaeast3'
])
param location string

@description('name of the subnet that will be used for private resolver inbound endpoint')
param inboundSubnet string = 'snet-inbound'

@description('the inbound endpoint subnet address space')
param inboundAddressPrefix string = '10.7.0.0/28'

@description('name of the subnet that will be used for private resolver outbound endpoint')
param outboundSubnet string = 'snet-outbound'

@description('the outbound endpoint subnet address space')
param outboundAddressPrefix string = '10.7.0.16/28'

@description('name of the vnet link that links outbound endpoint with forwarding rule set')
param resolvervnetlink string = 'vnetlink'

@description('name of the forwarding ruleset')
param forwardingRulesetName string = 'forwardingRule'

@description('name of the forwarding rule name')
param forwardingRuleName string = 'contosocom'

@description('the target domain name for the forwarding ruleset')
param DomainName string = 'contoso.com.'

@description('the list of target DNS servers ip address and the port number for conditional forwarding')
param targetDNS array = [
  {
    ipaddress: '10.0.0.4'
    port: 53
  }
  {
    ipaddress: '10.0.0.5'
    port: 53
  }
]

resource resolver 'Microsoft.Network/dnsResolvers@2022-07-01' = {
  name: dnsResolverName
  location: location
  properties: {
    virtualNetwork: {
      id: resolverVnet.id
    }
  }
}

resource inEndpoint 'Microsoft.Network/dnsResolvers/inboundEndpoints@2022-07-01' = {
  parent: resolver
  name: inboundSubnet
  location: location
  properties: {
    ipConfigurations: [
      {
        privateIpAllocationMethod: 'Dynamic'
        subnet: {
          id: '${resolverVnet.id}/subnets/${inboundSubnet}'
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

resource outEndpoint 'Microsoft.Network/dnsResolvers/outboundEndpoints@2022-07-01' = {
  parent: resolver
  name: outboundSubnet
  location: location
  properties: {
    subnet: {
      id: '${resolverVnet.id}/subnets/${outboundSubnet}'
    }
  }
}

resource fwruleSet 'Microsoft.Network/dnsForwardingRulesets@2022-07-01' = {
  name: forwardingRulesetName
  location: location
  properties: {
    dnsResolverOutboundEndpoints: [
      {
        id: outEndpoint.id
      }
    ]
  }
}

resource resolverLink 'Microsoft.Network/dnsForwardingRulesets/virtualNetworkLinks@2022-07-01' = {
  parent: fwruleSet
  name: resolvervnetlink
  properties: {
    virtualNetwork: {
      id: resolverVnet.id
    }
  }
}

resource fwRules 'Microsoft.Network/dnsForwardingRulesets/forwardingRules@2022-07-01' = {
  parent: fwruleSet
  name: forwardingRuleName
  properties: {
    domainName: DomainName
    targetDnsServers: targetDNS
  }
}

resource resolverVnet 'Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks@2022-01-01' = {
  name: resolverVNETName
  location: location
  properties: {
    addressSpace: {
      addressPrefixes: [
        resolverVNETAddressSpace
      ]
    }
    enableDdosProtection: false
    enableVmProtection: false
    subnets: [
      {
        name: inboundSubnet
        properties: {
          addressPrefix: inboundAddressPrefix
          delegations: [
            {
              name: 'Microsoft.Network.dnsResolvers'
              properties: {
                serviceName: 'Microsoft.Network/dnsResolvers'
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      }
      {
        name: outboundSubnet
        properties: {
          addressPrefix: outboundAddressPrefix
          delegations: [
            {
              name: 'Microsoft.Network.dnsResolvers'
              properties: {
                serviceName: 'Microsoft.Network/dnsResolvers'
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

此模板中定义了七个资源：

部署 Bicep 文件

将该 Bicep 文件另存为本地计算机上的 main.bicep。
使用 Azure CLI 或 Azure PowerShell 来部署 Bicep 文件

CLI
PowerShell

az group create --name exampleRG --location chinanorth3
az deployment group create --resource-group exampleRG --template-file main.bicep

New-AzResourceGroup -Name exampleRG -Location chinanorth3
New-AzResourceGroupDeployment -ResourceGroupName exampleRG -TemplateFile ./main.bicep

部署完成后，应会看到一条指出部署成功的消息。

验证部署

使用 Azure 门户、Azure CLI 或 Azure PowerShell 列出资源组中已部署的资源。

CLI
PowerShell

#Show the DNS resolver
az dns-resolver show --name "sampleDnsResolver" --resource-group "sampleResourceGroup"

#List the inbound endpoint
az dns-resolver inbound-endpoint list --dns-resolver-name "sampleDnsResolver" --resource-group "sampleResourceGroup"

#List the outbound endpoint
az dns-resolver outbound-endpoint list --dns-resolver-name "sampleDnsResolver" --resource-group "sampleResourceGroup"

#Show the DNS resolver
Get-AzDnsResolver -Name "sampleDNSResolver" -ResourceGroupName "sampleResourceGroup"

#List the inbound endpoint list
Get-AzDnsResolverInboundEndpoint -DnsResolverName "sampleDnsResolver" -ResourceGroupName "sampleResourceGroup"

#List the outbound endpoint
Get-AzDnsResolverOutboundEndpoint -DnsResolverName "sampleDnsResolver" -ResourceGroupName "sampleResourceGroup"

清理资源

如果不再需要资源，请使用 Azure 门户、Azure CLI 或 Azure PowerShell 按以下顺序将其删除。

#Delete the inbound endpoint
az dns-resolver inbound-endpoint delete --dns-resolver-name "sampleDnsResolver" --name "sampleInboundEndpoint" --resource-group "exampleRG"

#Delete the virtual network link
az dns-resolver vnet-link delete --ruleset-name "sampleDnsForwardingRuleset" --resource- group "exampleRG" --name "sampleVirtualNetworkLink"

#Delete DNS forwarding ruleset
az dns-resolver forwarding-ruleset delete --name "samplednsForwardingRulesetName" --resource-group "exampleRG"

#Delete the outbound endpoint
az dns-resolver outbound-endpoint delete --dns-resolver-name "sampleDnsResolver" --name "sampleOutboundEndpoint" --resource-group "exampleRG"

#Delete the DNS resolver
az dns-resolver delete --name "sampleDnsResolver" --resource-group "exampleRG"

#Delete the inbound endpoint
Remove-AzDnsResolverInboundEndpoint -Name myinboundendpoint -DnsResolverName mydnsresolver -ResourceGroupName myresourcegroup

#Delete the virtual network link
Remove-AzDnsForwardingRulesetVirtualNetworkLink -DnsForwardingRulesetName $dnsForwardingRuleset.Name -Name vnetlink -ResourceGroupName myresourcegroup

#Delete the DNS forwarding ruleset
Remove-AzDnsForwardingRuleset -Name $dnsForwardingRuleset.Name -ResourceGroupName myresourcegroup

#Delete the outbound endpoint
Remove-AzDnsResolverOutboundEndpoint -DnsResolverName mydnsresolver -ResourceGroupName myresourcegroup -Name myoutboundendpoint

#Delete the DNS resolver
Remove-AzDnsResolver -Name mydnsresolver -ResourceGroupName myresourcegroup

后续步骤

在本快速入门中，你创建了虚拟网络和 DNS 专用解析程序。现在为 Azure 和本地域配置名称解析。

解析 Azure 和本地域

通过