使用 Azure PowerShell 升级 Web 应用程序防火墙策略

2025-07-08

通过使用此脚本，可以方便地将 WAF config 或仅包含自定义规则的 WAF 策略转换为完整的 WAF 策略。门户中可能会出现一则警告，显示“升级到 WAF 策略”，或者用户可能想要使用新的 WAF 功能，如 Geomatch 自定义规则、每个站点的 WAF 策略、每个 URI 的 WAF 策略或机器人缓解规则集。如需使用其中任意一种功能，需要有与应用程序网关关联的完整 WAF 策略。

有关创建新的 WAF 策略的详细信息，请参阅创建应用程序网关的 Web 应用程序防火墙策略。有关迁移的信息，请参阅升级到 WAF 策略。

使用迁移脚本升级到 WAF 策略

采用以下步骤运行迁移脚本：

将脚本复制到 PowerShell 窗口中并运行它。
该脚本要求提供订阅 ID、资源组名称、与 WAF config 关联的应用程序网关的名称，以及创建的新 WAF 策略的名称。输入这些信息后，脚本会运行并创建新的 WAF 策略
验证新的 WAF 策略是否与应用程序网关相关联。转到门户中的 WAF 策略，并选择“关联的应用程序网关”选项卡。确认应用程序网关与 WAF 策略关联。

注意

如果存在以下情况，则该脚本不会完成迁移：

整个规则集将被禁用。如需完成迁移，请确保未禁用整个规则组。

有关详细信息，请参阅脚本中的 ValidateInput 函数。

<#PSScriptInfo
.DESCRIPTION
Will be used to upgrade to the application-gateway to a top level waf policy experience.

.VERSION 1.0

.GUID b6fedd43-ebd0-41ed-9847-4f1c1c43be22

.AUTHOR Venkat.Krishnan

.PARAMETER subscriptionId 
Subscription Id of where the resources are present.
.PARAMETER resourceGroupName
Resource-group where the resources are present.
.PARAMETER applicationGatewayName
Application-Gateway name
.PARAMETER wafPolicyName
Name of the web application firewall policy

.EXAMPLE
./migrateToWafPolicy.ps1 -subscriptionId  <your-subscription-id> -applicationGatewayName <your-appgw-name> -resourceGroupName <your-resource-group-name> -wafPolicyName <new-waf-policy-name>
#>

param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string] $subscriptionId,
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string] $resourceGroupName,
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string] $applicationGatewayName,
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
    [string] $wafPolicyName
)

function ValidateInput ($appgwName, $resourceGroupName) {
    # Obtain the application-gateway
    $appgw = Get-AzApplicationGateway -Name $applicationGatewayName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName
    if (-not $appgw) {
        Write-Error "ApplicationGateway: $applicationGatewayName is not present in ResourceGroup: $resourceGroupName"
        return $false
    }

    # Check if already have a global firewall policy
    if ($appgw.FirewallPolicy) {
        $fp = Get-AzResource -ResourceId $appgw.FirewallPolicy.Id
        if ($fp.PolicySettings) {
            Write-Error "ApplicationGateway: $applicationGatewayName already has a global firewall policy: $fp.Name. Please use portal for changing the policy."
            return $false
        }
    }

    if ($appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration) {
        # Throw an error, since ruleGroup disabled case can't be migrated now.
        if ($appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.DisabledRuleGroups) {
            foreach ($disabled in $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.DisabledRuleGroups) {
                if ($disabled.Rules.Count -eq 0) {
                    $ruleGroupName = $disabled.RuleGroupName
                    Write-Error "The ruleGroup '$ruleGroupName' is disabled. Currently we can't upgrade to a firewall policy when an entire ruleGroup is disabled. This feature will be delivered shortly. To continue, kindly ensure the entire rulegroups are not disabled. "
                    return $false
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if ($appgw.Sku.Name -ne "WAF_v2" -or $appgw.Sku.Tier -ne "WAF_v2") {
        Write-Error " Cannot associate a firewall policy to application gateway :$applicationGatewayName since the Sku is not on WAF_v2"
        return $false
    }

    return $true
}

function Login() {
    $context = Get-AzContext
    if ($null -eq $context -or $null -eq $context.Account) {
        Connect-AzAccount -Environment AzureChinaCloud
    }
}

function createNewTopLevelWafPolicy ($subscriptionId, $resourceGroupName, $applicationGatewayName, $wafPolicyName) {
    Select-AzSubscription -Subscription $subscriptionId
    $retVal = ValidateInput -appgwName $applicationGatewayName -resourceGroupName $resourceGroupName
    if (!$retVal) {
        return
    }

    $appgw = Get-AzApplicationGateway -Name $applicationGatewayName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName

    # Get the managedRule and PolicySettings
    $managedRule = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyManagedRule
    $policySetting = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicySetting
    if ($appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration) {
        $ruleGroupOverrides = [System.Collections.ArrayList]@()
        if ($appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.DisabledRuleGroups) {
            foreach ($disabled in $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.DisabledRuleGroups) {
                $rules = [System.Collections.ArrayList]@()
                if ($disabled.Rules.Count -gt 0) {
                    foreach ($rule in $disabled.Rules) {
                        $ruleOverride = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyManagedRuleOverride -RuleId $rule
                        $_ = $rules.Add($ruleOverride)
                    }
                }
                
                $ruleGroupOverride = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyManagedRuleGroupOverride -RuleGroupName $disabled.RuleGroupName -Rule $rules
                $_ = $ruleGroupOverrides.Add($ruleGroupOverride)
            }
        }

        $managedRuleSet = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyManagedRuleSet -RuleSetType $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.RuleSetType -RuleSetVersion $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.RuleSetVersion 
        if ($ruleGroupOverrides.Count -ne 0) {
            $managedRuleSet = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyManagedRuleSet -RuleSetType $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.RuleSetType -RuleSetVersion $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.RuleSetVersion -RuleGroupOverride $ruleGroupOverrides
        }
    
        $exclusions = [System.Collections.ArrayList]@()  
        if ($appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.Exclusions) {
            foreach ($excl in $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.Exclusions) {
                if ($excl.MatchVariable -and $excl.SelectorMatchOperator -and $excl.Selector) {
                    $exclusionEntry = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyExclusion -MatchVariable  $excl.MatchVariable -SelectorMatchOperator $excl.SelectorMatchOperator -Selector $excl.Selector
                    $_ = $exclusions.Add($exclusionEntry)
                }

                if ($excl.MatchVariable -and !$excl.SelectorMatchOperator -and !$excl.Selecto) {
                    # Equals Any exclusion
                    $exclusionEntry = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyExclusion -MatchVariable  $excl.MatchVariable -SelectorMatchOperator "EqualsAny" -Selector "*"
                    $_ = $exclusions.Add($exclusionEntry)
                }
            }
        }
    
        $managedRule = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyManagedRule -ManagedRuleSet $managedRuleSet
        $exclCount = $exclusions.Count
        if ($exclCount -ne 0) {
            $managedRule = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicyManagedRule -ManagedRuleSet $managedRuleSet -Exclusion $exclusions
        }

        
        $policySetting = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicySetting -MaxFileUploadInMb $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.FileUploadLimitInMb -MaxRequestBodySizeInKb $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.MaxRequestBodySizeInKb -Mode Detection -State Disabled
        if ($appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.FirewallMode -eq "Prevention") {
            $policySetting.Mode = "Prevention"
        }

        if ($appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.Enabled) {
            $policySetting.State = "Enabled"
        }

        $policySetting.RequestBodyCheck = $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration.RequestBodyCheck;
    }

    if ($appgw.FirewallPolicy) {
        $customRulePolicyId = $appgw.FirewallPolicy.Id
        $rg = Get-AzResourceGroup -Name $resourceGroupName
        $crPolicyName = $customRulePolicyId.Substring($customRulePolicyId.LastIndexOf("/") + 1)
        $customRulePolicy = Get-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicy -ResourceGroupName $rg.ResourceGroupName -Name $crPolicyName
        $wafPolicy = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicy -ResourceGroupName $rg.ResourceGroupName -Name $wafPolicyName -CustomRule $customRulePolicy.CustomRules -ManagedRule $managedRule -PolicySetting $policySetting -Location $appgw.Location
    } else { 
        $wafPolicy = New-AzApplicationGatewayFirewallPolicy -Name $wafPolicyName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -PolicySetting $policySetting -ManagedRule $managedRule -Location $appgw.Location
    }

    if (!$wafPolicy) {
        return
    }

    $appgw.WebApplicationFirewallConfiguration = $null
    $appgw.FirewallPolicy = $wafPolicy
    $appgw = Set-AzApplicationGateway -ApplicationGateway $appgw
    Write-Host " firewallPolicy: $wafPolicyName has been created/updated successfully and applied to applicationGateway: $applicationGatewayName!"
    return $wafPolicy
}

function Main() {
    Login
    $policy = createNewTopLevelWafPolicy -subscriptionId $subscriptionId -resourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -applicationGatewayName $applicationGatewayName -wafPolicyName $wafPolicyName
    return $policy
}

Main

后续步骤

详细了解Web 应用程序防火墙 CRS 规则组和规则。

共用方式為

使用 Azure PowerShell 升级 Web 应用程序防火墙策略

使用迁移脚本升级到 WAF 策略

后续步骤

其他資源