以编程方式创建 Azure 仪表板

本文介绍如何以编程方式创建和发布 Azure 仪表板。可以使用此过程基于任何仪表板创建可部署模板。

概述

Azure 门户中的共享仪表板与虚拟机和存储帐户一样，都是一种资源。可以使用 Azure REST API、 Azure CLI 和 Azure PowerShell 以编程方式管理资源。其中每个 API 和工具都提供了创建、列出、检索、修改和删除资源的方法。

无论使用哪种工具，以编程方式创建仪表板，都构建仪表板对象的 JSON 表示形式。此对象包含有关仪表板上的磁贴的信息。它包括大小、位置、资源和自定义配置。

生成此 JSON 文档最实用的方法是使用 Azure 门户创建具有所需磁贴的初始仪表板。创建仪表板后，导出 JSON，然后将其用作模板。可以使用 Azure 资源管理器进一步修改模板并进行部署。

提取仪表板的 JSON 表示形式

首先，下载现有仪表板的 JSON 表示形式。从要开始使用的仪表板中，选择“ 导出 ”，然后选择“ 下载”。

用于导出 Azure 门户中模版 JSON 表示形式的命令的屏幕截图。

如果需要，可以通过编程方式检索有关仪表板资源的表示形式和其他信息，例如使用 REST API。

创建仪表板模板

Azure 允许协调多个资源的部署，例如仪表板。创建用于表达要部署的资源集的部署模板及资源之间的关系。在这种情况下，通过修改下载的 JSON 来创建模板。

每个已部署的模板资源的 JSON 格式与通过上传导出的仪表板单独创建它们时的格式相同，只不过模板语言添加了一些概念，例如变量、参数、基本函数等。此扩展语法仅在模板部署上下文中受支持。有关详细信息，请参阅了解 ARM 模板的结构和语法。

可以保留每个磁贴的结构和配置，然后参数化磁贴引用的 Azure 资源集，以便可以重复使用和调整这些资源。为此，请使用模板的参数语法将特定资源 ID 替换为参数化值。

例如，模板可能包含 VM 的硬编码资源 ID，例如：

id: "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"

这可以替换为可与其他 VM 一起使用的参数化版本，例如：

resourceId: "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"

声明 JSON 模板顶部的必需模板元数据和参数，如下所示：


{
    "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
    "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
    "parameters": {
        "virtualMachineName": {
            "type": "string"
        },
        "virtualMachineResourceGroup": {
            "type": "string"
        },
        "dashboardName": {
            "type": "string"
        }
    },
    "variables": {},
    "resources": [
        ... rest of template omitted ...
    ]
}

配置模板后，使用以下任意方法部署模板：

示例仪表板

请考虑以下示例仪表板：

Azure 门户中示例仪表板的屏幕截图。

以下部分显示了此示例仪表板的两个 JSON 表示形式。第一个是从绑定到特定虚拟机资源的门户网站导出的版本。第二种是模板版本，可通过编程方式绑定到任何 VM 并使用 Azure 资源管理器进行部署。

从仪表板导出的示例 JSON 表示形式

此示例模板与导出仪表板时看到的内容类似，就像本文开头的示例中的仪表板一样。硬编码的资源标识符显示此仪表板指向特定的 Azure VM。

{
  "properties": {
    "lenses": [
      {
        "order": 0,
        "parts": [
          {
            "position": {
              "x": 0,
              "y": 0,
              "colSpan": 3,
              "rowSpan": 2
            },
            "metadata": {
              "inputs": [],
              "type": "Extension/HubsExtension/PartType/MarkdownPart",
              "settings": {
                "content": {
                  "settings": {
                    "content": "## Azure Virtual Machines Overview\r\nNew team members should watch this video to get familiar with Azure Virtual Machines.",
                    "markdownUri": null
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          },
          {
            "position": {
              "x": 3,
              "y": 0,
              "colSpan": 8,
              "rowSpan": 4
            },
            "metadata": {
              "inputs": [],
              "type": "Extension/HubsExtension/PartType/MarkdownPart",
              "settings": {
                "content": {
                  "settings": {
                    "content": "This is the team dashboard for the test VM we use on our team. Here are some useful links:\r\n\r\n1. [Create a Linux virtual machine](https://docs.azure.cn/virtual-machines/linux/quick-create-portal)\r\n1. [Create a Windows virtual machine](https://docs.azure.cn/virtual-machines/windows/quick-create-portal)\r\n1. [Create a virtual machine scale set](https://docs.azure.cn/virtual-machine-scale-sets/quick-create-portal)",
                    "title": "Test VM Dashboard",
                    "subtitle": "Contoso",
                    "markdownUri": null
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          },
          {
            "position": {
              "x": 0,
              "y": 2,
              "colSpan": 3,
              "rowSpan": 2
            },
            "metadata": {
              "inputs": [],
              "type": "Extension/HubsExtension/PartType/VideoPart",
              "settings": {
                "content": {
                  "settings": {
                  "src": "<https://www.contoso.com/yourvideo>",
                    "autoplay": false
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          },
          {
            "position": {
              "x": 0,
              "y": 4,
              "colSpan": 11,
              "rowSpan": 3
            },
            "metadata": {
              "inputs": [
                {
                  "name": "queryInputs",
                  "value": {
                    "timespan": {
                      "duration": "PT1H"
                    },
                    "id": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1",
                    "chartType": 0,
                    "metrics": [
                      {
                        "name": "Percentage CPU",
                        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                }
              ],
              "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Monitoring/PartType/MetricsChartPart"
            }
          },
          {
            "position": {
              "x": 0,
              "y": 7,
              "colSpan": 3,
              "rowSpan": 2
            },
            "metadata": {
              "inputs": [
                {
                  "name": "queryInputs",
                  "value": {
                    "timespan": {
                      "duration": "PT1H"
                    },
                    "id": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1",
                    "chartType": 0,
                    "metrics": [
                      {
                        "name": "Disk Read Operations/Sec",
                        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"
                      },
                      {
                        "name": "Disk Write Operations/Sec",
                        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                }
              ],
              "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Monitoring/PartType/MetricsChartPart"
            }
          },
          {
            "position": {
              "x": 3,
              "y": 7,
              "colSpan": 3,
              "rowSpan": 2
            },
            "metadata": {
              "inputs": [
                {
                  "name": "queryInputs",
                  "value": {
                    "timespan": {
                      "duration": "PT1H"
                    },
                    "id": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1",
                    "chartType": 0,
                    "metrics": [
                      {
                        "name": "Disk Read Bytes",
                        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"
                      },
                      {
                        "name": "Disk Write Bytes",
                        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                }
              ],
              "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Monitoring/PartType/MetricsChartPart"
            }
          },
          {
            "position": {
              "x": 6,
              "y": 7,
              "colSpan": 3,
              "rowSpan": 2
            },
            "metadata": {
              "inputs": [
                {
                  "name": "queryInputs",
                  "value": {
                    "timespan": {
                      "duration": "PT1H"
                    },
                    "id": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1",
                    "chartType": 0,
                    "metrics": [
                      {
                        "name": "Network In Total",
                        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"
                      },
                      {
                        "name": "Network Out Total",
                        "resourceId": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                }
              ],
              "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Monitoring/PartType/MetricsChartPart"
            }
          },
          {
            "position": {
              "x": 9,
              "y": 7,
              "colSpan": 2,
              "rowSpan": 2
            },
            "metadata": {
              "inputs": [
                {
                  "name": "id",
                  "value": "/subscriptions/{subscriptionid}/resourceGroups/contoso/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM1"
                }
              ],
              "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Compute/PartType/VirtualMachinePart",
              "asset": {
                "idInputName": "id",
                "type": "VirtualMachine"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "metadata": {
      "model": {}
    }
  },
  "name": "Simple VM Dashboard",
  "type": "Microsoft.Portal/dashboards",
  "location": "INSERT LOCATION",
  "tags": {
    "hidden-title": "Simple VM Dashboard"
  },
  "apiVersion": "2022-12-01-preview"
}

参数化仪表板模板示例

此示例显示了上一仪表板的模板版本，该版本可通过编程方式绑定到任何虚拟机并使用 Azure 资源管理器进行部署。

示例仪表板的模板版本定义了名为 virtualMachineName、virtualMachineResourceGroup 和 dashboardName 的三个参数。这些参数允许每次部署时将同一仪表板模板与不同的 Azure 虚拟机一起使用。它可以以编程方式配置并部署，使其指向任何 Azure 虚拟机。若要测试此功能，请复制以下模板并将其粘贴到 Azure 门户的模板部署页。

此示例单独部署一个仪表板，但模板语言允许你部署多个资源并将一个或多个仪表板捆绑在一起。

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "virtualMachineName": {
      "type": "string",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Name of the existing virtual machine to show in the dashboard"
      }
    },
    "virtualMachineResourceGroup": {
      "type": "string",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Name of the resource group that contains the virtual machine"
      }
    },
    "dashboardName": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "[guid(parameters('virtualMachineName'), parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'))]",
      "metadata": {
        "Description": "Resource name that Azure portal uses for the dashboard"
      }
    },
    "dashboardDisplayName": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "Simple VM Dashboard",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Name of the dashboard to display in Azure portal"
      }
    },
    "location": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "[resourceGroup().location]"
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Portal/dashboards",
      "apiVersion": "2020-09-01-preview",
      "name": "[parameters('dashboardName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "tags": {
        "hidden-title": "[parameters('dashboardDisplayName')]"
      },
      "properties": {
        "lenses": [
          {
            "order": 0,
            "parts": [
              {
                "position": {
                  "x": 0,
                  "y": 0,
                  "rowSpan": 2,
                  "colSpan": 3
                },
                "metadata": {
                  "inputs": [],
                  "type": "Extension/HubsExtension/PartType/MarkdownPart",
                  "settings": {
                    "content": {
                      "settings": {
                        "content": "## Azure Virtual Machines Overview\r\nNew team members should watch this video to get familiar with Azure Virtual Machines."
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "position": {
                  "x": 3,
                  "y": 0,
                  "rowSpan": 4,
                  "colSpan": 8
                },
                "metadata": {
                  "inputs": [],
                  "type": "Extension/HubsExtension/PartType/MarkdownPart",
                  "settings": {
                    "content": {
                      "settings": {
                        "content": "This is the team dashboard for the test VM we use on our team. Here are some useful links:\r\n\r\n1. [Create a Linux virtual machine](https://docs.azure.cn/virtual-machines/linux/quick-create-portal)\r\n1. [Create a Windows virtual machine](https://docs.azure.cn/virtual-machines/windows/quick-create-portal)\r\n1. [Create a virtual machine scale set](https://docs.azure.cn/virtual-machine-scale-sets/quick-create-portal)",
                        "title": "Test VM Dashboard",
                        "subtitle": "Contoso"
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "position": {
                  "x": 0,
                  "y": 2,
                  "rowSpan": 2,
                  "colSpan": 3
                },
                "metadata": {
                  "inputs": [],
                  "type": "Extension/HubsExtension/PartType/VideoPart",
                  "settings": {
                    "content": {
                      "settings": {
                                                "src": "<https://www.contoso.com/yourvideo>",
                        "autoplay": false
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "position": {
                  "x": 0,
                  "y": 4,
                  "rowSpan": 3,
                  "colSpan": 11
                },
                "metadata": {
                  "inputs": [
                    {
                      "name": "queryInputs",
                      "value": {
                        "timespan": {
                          "duration": "PT1H"
                        },
                        "id": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]",
                        "chartType": 0,
                        "metrics": [
                          {
                            "name": "Percentage CPU",
                            "resourceId": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Monitoring/PartType/MetricsChartPart"
                }
              },
              {
                "position": {
                  "x": 0,
                  "y": 7,
                  "rowSpan": 2,
                  "colSpan": 3
                },
                "metadata": {
                  "inputs": [
                    {
                      "name": "queryInputs",
                      "value": {
                        "timespan": {
                          "duration": "PT1H"
                        },
                        "id": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]",
                        "chartType": 0,
                        "metrics": [
                          {
                            "name": "Disk Read Operations/Sec",
                            "resourceId": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"
                          },
                          {
                            "name": "Disk Write Operations/Sec",
                            "resourceId": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Monitoring/PartType/MetricsChartPart"
                }
              },
              {
                "position": {
                  "x": 3,
                  "y": 7,
                  "rowSpan": 2,
                  "colSpan": 3
                },
                "metadata": {
                  "inputs": [
                    {
                      "name": "queryInputs",
                      "value": {
                        "timespan": {
                          "duration": "PT1H"
                        },
                        "id": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]",
                        "chartType": 0,
                        "metrics": [
                          {
                            "name": "Disk Read Bytes",
                            "resourceId": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"
                          },
                          {
                            "name": "Disk Write Bytes",
                            "resourceId": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Monitoring/PartType/MetricsChartPart"
                }
              },
              {
                "position": {
                  "x": 6,
                  "y": 7,
                  "rowSpan": 2,
                  "colSpan": 3
                },
                "metadata": {
                  "inputs": [
                    {
                      "name": "queryInputs",
                      "value": {
                        "timespan": {
                          "duration": "PT1H"
                        },
                        "id": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]",
                        "chartType": 0,
                        "metrics": [
                          {
                            "name": "Network In Total",
                            "resourceId": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"
                          },
                          {
                            "name": "Network Out Total",
                            "resourceId": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Monitoring/PartType/MetricsChartPart"
                }
              },
              {
                "position": {
                  "x": 9,
                  "y": 7,
                  "rowSpan": 2,
                  "colSpan": 2
                },
                "metadata": {
                  "inputs": [
                    {
                      "name": "id",
                      "value": "[resourceId(parameters('virtualMachineResourceGroup'), 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', parameters('virtualMachineName'))]"
                    }
                  ],
                  "type": "Extension/Microsoft_Azure_Compute/PartType/VirtualMachinePart",
                  "asset": {
                    "idInputName": "id",
                    "type": "VirtualMachine"
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

通过示例了解如何使用参数化模板来部署仪表板后，就可以尝试使用 Azure 资源管理器 REST API、Azure CLI 或 Azure PowerShell 命令来部署模板。

后续步骤

Last updated on 2025-12-15

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