将 VHD 上传到 Azure 并创建新的 VM 的示例脚本Sample script to upload a VHD to Azure and create a new VM

此脚本从通用化 VM 获取本地 .vhd 文件，将其上传到 Azure，创建托管磁盘映像并用以创建新的 VM。This script takes a local .vhd file from a generalized VM and uploads it to Azure, creates a Managed Disk image and uses the to create a new VM.

本示例需要 Azure PowerShell Az 1.0 或更高版本。This sample requires Azure PowerShell Az 1.0 or later. 运行 Get-Module -ListAvailable Az，查看已安装哪些版本。Run Get-Module -ListAvailable Az to see which versions are installed. 如果需要安装，请参阅安装 Azure PowerShell 模块。If you need to install, see Install Azure PowerShell module.

运行 Connect-AzAccount -Environment AzureChinaCloud 以登录到 Azure 中国。Run Connect-AzAccount -Environment AzureChinaCloud to sign in to Azure China.

如果没有 Azure 订阅，可在开始前创建一个试用帐户。If you don't have an Azure subscription, create a trial account before you begin.

示例脚本Sample script

# Sign-in the Azure China Cloud
Connect-AzAccount -Environment AzureChinaCloud

# Provide values for the variables
$resourceGroup = 'myResourceGroup'
$location = 'ChinaEast'
$storageaccount = 'mystorageaccount'
$storageType = 'Standard_LRS'
$containername = 'mycontainer'
$localPath = 'C:\Users\Public\Documents\Hyper-V\VHDs\generalized.vhd'
$vmName = 'myVM'
$imageName = 'myImage'
$vhdName = 'myUploadedVhd.vhd'
$diskSizeGB = '128'
$subnetName = 'mySubnet'
$vnetName = 'myVnet'
$ipName = 'myPip'
$nicName = 'myNic'
$nsgName = 'myNsg'
$ruleName = 'myRdpRule'
$computerName = 'myComputerName'
$vmSize = 'Standard_DS1_v2'

# Get the username and password to be used for the administrators account on the VM. 
# This is used when connecting to the VM using RDP.

$cred = Get-Credential

# Upload the VHD
New-AzResourceGroup -Name $resourceGroup -Location $location
New-AzStorageAccount -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Name $storageAccount -Location $location `
    -SkuName $storageType -Kind "Storage"
$urlOfUploadedImageVhd = ('https://' + $storageaccount + '.blob.core.chinacloudapi.cn/' + $containername + '/' + $vhdName)
Add-AzVhd -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Destination $urlOfUploadedImageVhd `
    -LocalFilePath $localPath

# Note: Uploading the VHD may take awhile!

# Create a managed image from the uploaded VHD 
$imageConfig = New-AzImageConfig -Location $location
$imageConfig = Set-AzImageOsDisk -Image $imageConfig -OsType Windows -OsState Generalized `
    -BlobUri $urlOfUploadedImageVhd
$image = New-AzImage -ImageName $imageName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Image $imageConfig

# Create the networking resources
$singleSubnet = New-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig -Name $subnetName -AddressPrefix 10.0.0.0/24
$vnet = New-AzVirtualNetwork -Name $vnetName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Location $location `
    -AddressPrefix 10.0.0.0/16 -Subnet $singleSubnet
$pip = New-AzPublicIpAddress -Name $ipName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Location $location `
    -AllocationMethod Dynamic
$rdpRule = New-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig -Name $ruleName -Description 'Allow RDP' -Access Allow `
    -Protocol Tcp -Direction Inbound -Priority 110 -SourceAddressPrefix Internet -SourcePortRange * `
    -DestinationAddressPrefix * -DestinationPortRange 3389
$nsg = New-AzNetworkSecurityGroup -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Location $location `
    -Name $nsgName -SecurityRules $rdpRule
$nic = New-AzNetworkInterface -Name $nicName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Location $location `
    -SubnetId $vnet.Subnets[0].Id -PublicIpAddressId $pip.Id -NetworkSecurityGroupId $nsg.Id
$vnet = Get-AzVirtualNetwork -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Name $vnetName

# Start building the VM configuration
$vm = New-AzVMConfig -VMName $vmName -VMSize $vmSize

# Set the VM image as source image for the new VM
$vm = Set-AzVMSourceImage -VM $vm -Id $image.Id

# Finish the VM configuration and add the NIC.
$vm = Set-AzVMOSDisk -VM $vm  -DiskSizeInGB $diskSizeGB -CreateOption FromImage -Caching ReadWrite
$vm = Set-AzVMOperatingSystem -VM $vm -Windows -ComputerName $computerName -Credential $cred `
    -ProvisionVMAgent -EnableAutoUpdate
$vm = Add-AzVMNetworkInterface -VM $vm -Id $nic.Id

# Create the VM
New-AzVM -VM $vm -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -Location $location

# Verify that the VM was created
$vmList = Get-AzVM -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup
$vmList.Name

清理部署Clean up deployment

运行以下命令来删除资源组、VM 和所有相关资源。Run the following command to remove the resource group, VM, and all related resources.

Remove-AzResourceGroup -Name $resourceGroup

脚本说明Script explanation

此脚本使用以下命令创建部署。This script uses the following commands to create the deployment. 表中的每一项均链接到特定于命令的文档。Each item in the table links to command specific documentation.

命令Command 注释Notes
New-AzResourceGroupNew-AzResourceGroup 创建用于存储所有资源的资源组。Creates a resource group in which all resources are stored.
New-AzStorageAccountNew-AzStorageAccount 创建存储帐户。Creates a storage account.
Add-AzVhdAdd-AzVhd 将虚拟硬盘从本地虚拟机上传到 Azure 云存储帐户中的 blob。Uploads a virtual hard disk from an on-premises virtual machine to a blob in a cloud storage account in Azure.
New-AzImageConfigNew-AzImageConfig 创建一个可配置的映像对象。Creates a configurable image object.
Set-AzImageOsDiskSet-AzImageOsDisk 设置映像对象的操作系统磁盘属性。Sets the operating system disk properties on an image object.
New-AzImageNew-AzImage 创建新映像。Creates a new image.
New-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfigNew-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig 创建子网配置。Creates a subnet configuration. 在虚拟网络创建过程中会使用此配置。This configuration is used with the virtual network creation process.
New-AzVirtualNetworkNew-AzVirtualNetwork 创建虚拟网络。Creates a virtual network.
New-AzPublicIpAddressNew-AzPublicIpAddress 创建公共 IP 地址。Creates a public IP address.
New-AzNetworkInterfaceNew-AzNetworkInterface 创建网络接口。Creates a network interface.
New-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfigNew-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig 创建网络安全组规则配置。Creates a network security group rule configuration. 创建 NSG 时会使用此配置创建 NSG 规则。This configuration is used to create an NSG rule when the NSG is created.
New-AzNetworkSecurityGroupNew-AzNetworkSecurityGroup 创建网络安全组。Creates a network security group.
Get-AzVirtualNetworkGet-AzVirtualNetwork 获取资源组中的虚拟网络。Gets a virtual network in a resource group.
New-AzVMConfigNew-AzVMConfig 创建 VM 配置。Creates a VM configuration. 此配置包括 VM 名称、操作系统和管理凭据等信息。This configuration includes information such as VM name, operating system, and administrative credentials. 在创建 VM 期间使用此配置。The configuration is used during VM creation.
Set-AzVMSourceImageSet-AzVMSourceImage 指定虚拟机的映像。Specifies an image for a virtual machine.
Set-AzVMOSDiskSet-AzVMOSDisk 设置虚拟机的操作系统磁盘属性。Sets the operating system disk properties on a virtual machine.
Set-AzVMOperatingSystemSet-AzVMOperatingSystem 设置虚拟机的操作系统磁盘属性。Sets the operating system disk properties on a virtual machine.
Add-AzVMNetworkInterfaceAdd-AzVMNetworkInterface 将网络接口添加到虚拟机。Adds a network interface to a virtual machine.
New-AzVMNew-AzVM 创建虚拟机。Create a virtual machine.
Remove-AzResourceGroupRemove-AzResourceGroup 删除资源组及其中包含的所有资源。Removes a resource group and all resources contained within.

后续步骤Next steps

有关 Azure PowerShell 模块的详细信息，请参阅 Azure PowerShell 文档。For more information on the Azure PowerShell module, see Azure PowerShell documentation.

可以在 Azure Windows VM 文档中找到其他虚拟机 PowerShell 脚本示例。Additional virtual machine PowerShell script samples can be found in the Azure Windows VM documentation.