适用对象: MongoDB vCore
$position
运算符用于指定数组中应插入新元素的位置。 当需要在数组的特定索引处插入元素,而不是将其追加到末尾时,此运算符非常有用。
在更新命令中使用 $position
运算符的基本语法如下所示:
{
"$push": {
"<arrayField>": {
"$each": ["<value1>", "<value2>"],
"$position": <index>
}
}
}
说明 | |
---|---|
<arrayField> |
文档中包含要更新的数组的字段。 |
<value1>, <value2>, ... |
要插入到数组中的值。 |
<index> |
应插入值的位置。 |
让我们了解 stores
数据集中的示例 json 的用法。
{
"_id": "7954bd5c-9ac2-4c10-bb7a-2b79bd0963c5",
"name": "Lakeshore Retail | DJ Equipment Stop - Port Cecile",
"location": { "lat": 60.1441, "lon": -141.5012 },
"staff": { "totalStaff": { "fullTime": 2, "partTime": 0 } },
"sales": {
"salesByCategory": [
{ "categoryName": "DJ Headphones", "totalSales": 35921 },
{ "categoryName": "DJ Cables", "totalSales": 1000 }
],
"fullSales": 3700
},
"promotionEvents": [
{
"eventName": "Bargain Blitz Days",
"promotionalDates": {
"startDate": { "Year": 2024, "Month": 3, "Day": 11 },
"endDate": { "Year": 2024, "Month": 2, "Day": 18 }
},
"discounts": [
{ "categoryName": "DJ Turntables", "discountPercentage": 18 },
{ "categoryName": "DJ Mixers", "discountPercentage": 15 }
]
},
{
"eventName": "Discount Delight Days",
"promotionalDates": {
"startDate": { "Year": 2024, "Month": 5, "Day": 11 },
"endDate": { "Year": 2024, "Month": 5, "Day": 18 }
}
}
],
"tag": [
"#ShopLocal",
"#FashionStore",
"#SeasonalSale",
"#FreeShipping",
"#MembershipDeals"
]
}
该示例将标签 #NewArrival
插入到特定文档的 tag
数组中的第二个位置(索引 1)。
db.stores.update(
{ "_id": "7954bd5c-9ac2-4c10-bb7a-2b79bd0963c5" },
{ $push: { "tag": { $each: ["#NewArrival"], $position: 1 } } }
)
示例文档已更新的 tag
字段具有以下值。
{
"_id": "7954bd5c-9ac2-4c10-bb7a-2b79bd0963c5",
"tag": [
"#ShopLocal",
"#NewArrival",
"#FashionStore",
"#SeasonalSale",
"#FreeShipping",
"#MembershipDeals"
]
}