Monitor Azure Kubernetes Service

This article describes:

• The types of monitoring data you can collect for this service.
• Ways to analyze that data.

When you have critical applications and business processes that rely on Azure resources, you need to monitor and get alerts for your system. The Azure Monitor service collects and aggregates metrics and logs from every component of your system. Azure Monitor provides you with a view of availability, performance, and resilience, and notifies you of issues. You can use the Azure portal, PowerShell, Azure CLI, REST API, or client libraries to set up and view monitoring data.

• For more information on Azure Monitor, see the Azure Monitor overview.
• For more information on how to monitor Azure resources in general, see Monitor Azure resources with Azure Monitor.

• For detailed monitoring of the complete Kubernetes stack, see Monitor Kubernetes clusters using Azure services and cloud native tools.
• For collecting logs in Kubernetes clusters, see Azure Monitor features for Kubernetes monitoring.
• For data visualization, see Azure Workbooks.

Insights

Some services in Azure have a built-in monitoring dashboard in the Azure portal that provides a starting point for monitoring your service. These dashboards are called insights, and you can find them in the Insights Hub of Azure Monitor in the Azure portal.

Azure Monitor Application Insights is used for application performance monitoring (APM). To enable Application Insights with code changes, see Enable Azure Monitor OpenTelemetry. To enable Application Insights without code changes, see AKS autoinstrumentation. For more details on instrumentation, see data collection basics.

Monitoring data

AKS generates the same kinds of monitoring data as other Azure resources that are described in Monitoring data from Azure resources. See Monitoring AKS data reference for detailed information on the metrics and logs created by AKS. Other Azure services and features collect other data and enable other analysis options as shown in the following diagram and table.

Resource types

Azure uses the concept of resource types and IDs to identify everything in a subscription. Resource types are also part of the resource IDs for every resource running in Azure. For example, one resource type for a virtual machine is Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines. For a list of services and their associated resource types, see Resource providers.

Azure Monitor similarly organizes core monitoring data into metrics and logs based on resource types, also called namespaces. Different metrics and logs are available for different resource types. Your service might be associated with more than one resource type.

For more information about the resource types for AKS, see Azure Kubernetes Service monitoring data reference.

Data storage

For Azure Monitor:

• Metrics data is stored in the Azure Monitor metrics database.
• Log data is stored in the Azure Monitor logs store. Log Analytics is a tool in the Azure portal that can query this store.
• The Azure activity log is a separate store with its own interface in the Azure portal.

You can optionally route metric and activity log data to the Azure Monitor logs store. You can then use Log Analytics to query the data and correlate it with other log data.

Many services can use diagnostic settings to send metric and log data to other storage locations outside Azure Monitor. Examples include Azure Storage, hosted partner systems, and non-Azure partner systems, by using Event Hubs.

For detailed information on how Azure Monitor stores data, see Azure Monitor data platform.

Azure Monitor platform metrics

Azure Monitor provides platform metrics for most services. These metrics are:

• Individually defined for each namespace.
• Stored in the Azure Monitor time-series metrics database.
• Lightweight and capable of supporting near real-time alerting.
• Used to track the performance of a resource over time.

Collection: Azure Monitor collects platform metrics automatically. No configuration is required.

Routing: You can also usually route platform metrics to Azure Monitor Logs / Log Analytics so you can query them with other log data. For more information, see the Metrics diagnostic setting. For how to configure diagnostic settings for a service, see Create diagnostic settings in Azure Monitor.

For a list of all metrics it's possible to gather for all resources in Azure Monitor, see Supported metrics in Azure Monitor.

For a list of available metrics for AKS, see Azure Kubernetes Service monitoring data reference.

Metrics play an important role in cluster monitoring, identifying issues, and optimizing performance in the AKS clusters. Platform metrics are captured using the out of the box metrics server installed in kube-system namespace, which periodically scrapes metrics from all Kubernetes nodes served by Kubelet. You should also enable Azure Managed Prometheus metrics to collect container metrics and Kubernetes object metrics, such as object state of Deployments. For more information, see Collect Prometheus metrics from an AKS cluster.

• List of default Prometheus metrics

AKS also exposes metrics from critical Control Plane components such as API server, ETCD, Scheduler through Azure Managed Prometheus. This feature is currently in preview.

Custom metrics

You can also send your own metrics into the Azure Monitor Metrics database by using the Azure Monitor REST API. Then you can view them in the Azure portal and alert on them like any other metrics. For more information, see Collect custom metrics from Azure resources.

The following Azure services and features of Azure Monitor can be used for extra monitoring of your Kubernetes clusters. You can enable these features during AKS cluster creation from the Integrations tab in the Azure portal, Azure CLI, Terraform, Azure Policy, or onboard your cluster to them later. Each of these features might incur cost, so refer to the pricing information for each before you enabled them.

Install aks-preview extension

• Install or update the aks-preview Azure CLI extension using the az extension add or az extension update command.

  # Install the aks-preview extension
  az extension add --name aks-preview
  
  # Update the aks-preview extension
  az extension update --name aks-preview
  

Register AzureMonitorMetricsControlPlanePreview flag

1. Register the AzureMonitorMetricsControlPlanePreview feature flag using the az feature register command.

   az feature register --namespace "Microsoft.ContainerService" --name "AzureMonitorMetricsControlPlanePreview"
   

   It takes a few minutes for the status to show Registered.

2. Verify the registration status using the az feature show command.

   az feature show --namespace "Microsoft.ContainerService" --name "AzureMonitorMetricsControlPlanePreview"
   

3. When the status reflects Registered, refresh the registration of the Microsoft.ContainerService resource provider using the az provider register command.

   az provider register --namespace "Microsoft.ContainerService"
   

Enable control plane metrics on your AKS cluster

You can enable control plane metrics with the Azure Monitor managed service for Prometheus add-on when creating a new cluster or updating an existing cluster.

Enable control plane metrics on a new AKS cluster:

To collect Prometheus metrics from your Kubernetes cluster, see Enable Prometheus and Grafana for AKS clusters and follow the steps on the CLI tab for an AKS cluster.

Enable control plane metrics on an existing AKS cluster

• If your cluster already has the Prometheus add-on, update the cluster to ensure it starts collecting control plane metrics using the az aks update command.

  az aks update --name $CLUSTER_NAME --resource-group $RESOURCE_GROUP
  

Query control plane metrics

Control plane metrics are stored in an Azure Monitor workspace in the cluster's region. You can query the metrics directly from the workspace or through the Azure managed Grafana instance connected to the workspace.

View the control plane metrics in the Azure Monitor workspace using the following steps:

1. In the Azure portal, navigate to your AKS cluster.

2. Under Monitoring, select Insights.

   

Customize control plane metrics

AKS includes a preconfigured set of metrics to collect and store for each component. API server and etcd are enabled by default. You can customize this list through the ama-settings-configmap.

The default targets include the following values:

controlplane-apiserver = true
controlplane-cluster-autoscaler = false
controlplane-kube-scheduler = false
controlplane-kube-controller-manager = false
controlplane-etcd = true

All ConfigMaps should be applied to the kube-system namespace for any cluster.

• Ingest only minimal metrics from default targets

  When setting default-targets-metrics-keep-list.minimalIngestionProfile="true", only the minimal set of metrics are ingested for each of the default targets: controlplane-apiserver and controlplane-etcd.

• Ingest all metrics from all targets

  Collect all metrics from all targets on the cluster using the following steps:

  1. Download the ConfigMap file ama-metrics-settings-configmap.yaml and rename it to configmap-controlplane.yaml.

  2. Set minimalingestionprofile = false.

  3. Under default-scrape-settings-enabled, verify that the targets you want to scrape are set to true. The only targets you can specify are: controlplane-apiserver, controlplane-cluster-autoscaler, controlplane-kube-scheduler, controlplane-kube-controller-manager, and controlplane-etcd.

  4. Apply the ConfigMap using the kubectl apply command.

     kubectl apply -f configmap-controlplane.yaml
     

     After the configuration is applied, it takes several minutes before the metrics from the specified targets scraped from the control plane appear in the Azure Monitor workspace.

• Ingest a few other metrics in addition to minimal metrics

  The minimal ingestion profile setting helps reduce the ingestion volume of metrics, as it only collects metrics used by default dashboards, default recording rules, and default alerts are collected. To customize this setting, use the following steps:

  1. Download the ConfigMap file ama-metrics-settings-configmap and rename it to configmap-controlplane.yaml.

  2. Set minimalingestionprofile = true.

  3. Under default-scrape-settings-enabled, verify that the targets you want to scrape are set to true. The only targets you can specify are: controlplane-apiserver, controlplane-cluster-autoscaler, controlplane-kube-scheduler, controlplane-kube-controller-manager, and controlplane-etcd.

  4. Under default-targets-metrics-keep-list, specify the list of metrics for the true targets. For example:

     controlplane-apiserver= "apiserver_admission_webhook_admission_duration_seconds| apiserver_longrunning_requests"
     

  5. Apply the ConfigMap using the kubectl apply command.

     kubectl apply -f configmap-controlplane.yaml
     

  After the configuration is applied, it takes several minutes before the metrics from the specified targets scraped from the control plane appear in the Azure Monitor workspace.

• Ingest only specific metrics from some targets

  1. Download the ConfigMap file ama-metrics-settings-configmap and rename it to configmap-controlplane.yaml.

  2. Set minimalingestionprofile = false.

  3. Under default-scrape-settings-enabled, verify that the targets you want to scrape are set to true. The only targets you can specify here are controlplane-apiserver, controlplane-cluster-autoscaler, controlplane-kube-scheduler,controlplane-kube-controller-manager, and controlplane-etcd.

  4. Under default-targets-metrics-keep-list, specify the list of metrics for the true targets. For example:

     controlplane-apiserver= "apiserver_admission_webhook_admission_duration_seconds| apiserver_longrunning_requests"
     

  5. Apply the ConfigMap using the kubectl apply command.

     kubectl apply -f configmap-controlplane.yaml
     

     After the configuration is applied, it takes several minutes before the metrics from the specified targets scraped from the control plane appear in the Azure Monitor workspace.

Troubleshoot control plane metrics issues

Make sure the feature flag AzureMonitorMetricsControlPlanePreview is enabled and the ama-metrics pods are running.

• ConfigMap formatting

  Make sure you're using proper formatting in the ConfigMap and that the fields, specifically default-targets-metrics-keep-list, minimal-ingestion-profile, and default-scrape-settings-enabled, are correctly populated with their intended values.

• Isolate control plane from data plane

  Start by setting some of the node related metrics to true and verify the metrics are being forwarded to the workspace. This helps determine if the issue is specific to scraping control plane metrics.

• Events ingested

  Once you applied the changes, you can open metrics explorer from the Azure Monitor overview page or from the Monitoring section the selected cluster and check for an increase or decrease in the number of events ingested per minute. It should help you determine if a specific metric is missing or if all metrics are missing.

• Specific metric isn't exposed

  There are cases where metrics are documented, but aren't exposed from the target and aren't forwarded to the Azure Monitor workspace. In this case, it's necessary to verify other metrics are being forwarded to the workspace.

• No access to the Azure Monitor workspace

  When you enable the add-on, you might specify an existing workspace that you don't have access to. In that case, it might look like the metrics aren't being collected and forwarded. Make sure that you create a new workspace while enabling the add-on or while creating the cluster.

Disable control plane metrics on your AKS cluster

You can disable control plane metrics at any time by disabling the managed Prometheus add-on and unregistering the AzureMonitorMetricsControlPlanePreview feature flag.

1. Remove the metrics add-on that scrapes Prometheus metrics using the az aks update command.

   az aks update --disable-azure-monitor-metrics --name $CLUSTER_NAME --resource-group $RESOURCE_GROUP
   

2. Disable scraping of control plane metrics on the AKS cluster by unregistering the AzureMonitorMetricsControlPlanePreview feature flag using the az feature unregister command.

   az feature unregister "Microsoft.ContainerService" --name "AzureMonitorMetricsControlPlanePreview"
   

FAQ

• Can I scrape control plane metrics with self hosted Prometheus?

  No, you currently can't scrape control plane metrics with self hosted Prometheus. Self hosted Prometheus can only scrape the single instance depending on the load balancer. The metrics aren't reliable, as there are often multiple replicas of the control plane metrics are only visible through managed Prometheus

• Why is the user agent not available through the control plane metrics?

  Control plane metrics in Kubernetes don't have the user agent. The user agent is only available through the control plane logs available in the diagnostic settings.

For the available resource log categories, their associated Log Analytics tables, and the log schemas for AKS, see Azure Kubernetes Service monitoring data reference.

AKS control plane/resource logs

Control plane logs for AKS clusters are implemented as resource logs in Azure Monitor. Resource logs aren't collected and stored until you create a diagnostic setting to route them to one or more locations. You typically send them to a Log Analytics workspace, which is where most of the data for Container insights is stored.

See Create diagnostic settings for the detailed process for creating a diagnostic setting using the Azure portal, CLI, or PowerShell. When you create a diagnostic setting, you specify which categories of logs to collect. The categories for AKS are listed in AKS monitoring data reference.

AKS supports either Azure diagnostics mode or resource-specific mode for resource logs. This specifies the tables in the Log Analytics workspace where the data is sent. Azure diagnostics mode sends all data to the AzureDiagnostics table, while resource-specific mode sends data to AKS Audit, AKS Audit Admin, and[AKS Control Plane as shown in the table at Resource logs.

Resource-specific mode is recommended for AKS for the following reasons:

• Data is easier to query because it's in individual tables dedicated to AKS.
• Supports configuration as basic logs for significant cost savings.

For more information on the difference between collection modes including how to change an existing setting, see Select the collection mode.

az monitor diagnostic-settings create --name AKS-Diagnostics --resource /subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myresourcegroup/providers/Microsoft.ContainerService/managedClusters/my-cluster --logs '[{"category": "kube-audit","enabled": true}, {"category": "kube-audit-admin", "enabled": true}, {"category": "kube-apiserver", "enabled": true}, {"category": "kube-controller-manager", "enabled": true}, {"category": "kube-scheduler", "enabled": true}, {"category": "cluster-autoscaler", "enabled": true}, {"category": "cloud-controller-manager", "enabled": true}, {"category": "guard", "enabled": true}, {"category": "csi-azuredisk-controller", "enabled": true}, {"category": "csi-azurefile-controller", "enabled": true}, {"category": "csi-snapshot-controller", "enabled": true}]'  --workspace /subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourcegroups/myresourcegroup/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/myworkspace --export-to-resource-specific true

Sample log queries

If the diagnostic setting for your cluster uses Azure diagnostics mode, the resource logs for AKS are stored in the AzureDiagnostics table. You can distinguish different logs with the Category column. For a description of each category, see AKS reference resource logs.

To access a set of prebuilt queries in the Log Analytics workspace, see the Log Analytics queries interface and select resource type Kubernetes Services. For a list of common queries for Container insights, see Container insights queries.

AKS data plane/Container Insights logs

Container Insights collect various types of telemetry data from containers and Kubernetes clusters to help you monitor, troubleshoot, and gain insights into your containerized applications running in your AKS clusters. For a list of tables and their detailed descriptions used by Container insights, see the Azure Monitor table reference. All these tables are available for log queries.

Cost optimization settings allow you to customize and control the metrics data collected through the container insights agent. This feature supports the data collection settings for individual table selection, data collection intervals, and namespaces to exclude the data collection through Azure Monitor Data Collection Rules (DCR). These settings control the volume of ingestion and reduce the monitoring costs of container insights. Container insights Collected Data can be customized through the Azure portal, using the following options. Selecting any options other than All (Default) leads to the container insights experience becoming unavailable.

The Logs and events grouping captures the logs from the ContainerLog or ContainerLogV2, KubeEvents, KubePodInventory tables, but not the metrics. The recommended path to collect metrics is to enable Azure Monitor managed service Prometheus for Prometheus from your AKS cluster and to use Azure Managed Grafana for data visualization. For more information, see Manage an Azure Monitor workspace.

ContainerLogV2 schema

Azure Monitor Container Insights provides a schema for container logs known as ContainerLogV2, which is the recommended option. This format includes the following fields to facilitate common queries for viewing data related to AKS and Azure Arc-enabled Kubernetes clusters:

• ContainerName
• PodName
• PodNamespace

In addition, this schema is compatible with Basic Logs data plan, which offers a low-cost alternative to standard analytics logs. The Basic log data plan lets you save on the cost of ingesting and storing high-volume verbose logs in your Log Analytics workspace for debugging, troubleshooting, and auditing. It doesn't affect costs for analytics and alerts. For more information, see Manage tables in a Log Analytics workspace.

ContainerLogV2 is the recommended approach and is the default schema for customers onboarding container insights with Managed Identity Auth using ARM, Bicep, Terraform, Policy, and Azure portal. For more information about how to enable ContainerLogV2 through either the cluster's Data Collection Rule (DCR) or ConfigMap, see Enable the ContainerLogV2 schema.

Azure activity log

The activity log contains subscription-level events that track operations for each Azure resource as seen from outside that resource; for example, creating a new resource or starting a virtual machine.

Collection: Activity log events are automatically generated and collected in a separate store for viewing in the Azure portal.

Routing: You can send activity log data to Azure Monitor Logs so you can analyze it alongside other log data. Other locations such as Azure Storage, Azure Event Hubs, and certain Microsoft monitoring partners are also available. For more information on how to route the activity log, see Overview of the Azure activity log.

View Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) container logs, events, and pod metrics in real time

In this section, you learn how to use the live data feature in Container Insights to view Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) container logs, events, and pod metrics in real time. This feature provides direct access to kubectl logs -c, kubectl get events, and kubectl top pods to help you troubleshoot issues in real time.

For help with setting up the live data feature, see Configure live data in Container Insights. This feature directly accesses the Kubernetes API. For more information about the authentication model, see Kubernetes API.

View AKS resource live logs

1. In the Azure portal, navigate to your AKS cluster.

2. Under Kubernetes resources, select Workloads.

3. Select the Deployment, Pod, Replica Set, Stateful Set, Job, or Cron Job that you want to view logs for, and then select Live Logs.

4. Select the resource you want to view logs for.

   The following example shows the logs for a Pod resource:

   

View live logs

You can view real time log data as the container engine generates it on the Cluster, Nodes, Controllers, or Containers.

1. In the Azure portal, navigate to your AKS cluster.

2. Under Monitoring, select Insights.

3. Select the Cluster, Nodes, Controllers, or Containers tab, and then select the object you want to view logs for.

4. On the resource Overview, select Live Logs.

   Note

   To view the data from your Log Analytics workspace, select View Logs in Log Analytics. To learn more about viewing historical logs, events, and metrics, see How to query logs from Container Insights.

   After successful authentication, if data can be retrieved, it begins streaming to the Live Logs tab. You can view log data here in a continuous stream. The following image shows the logs for a Container resource:

   

View live events

You can view real-time event data as the container engine generates it on the Cluster, Nodes, Controllers, or Containers.

1. In the Azure portal, navigate to your AKS cluster.

2. Under Monitoring, select Insights.

3. Select the Cluster, Nodes, Controllers, or Containers tab, and then select the object you want to view events for.

4. On the resource Overview page, select Live Events.

   Note

   To view the data from your Log Analytics workspace, select View Events in Log Analytics. To learn more about viewing historical logs, events, and metrics, see How to query logs from Container Insights.

   After successful authentication, if data can be retrieved, it begins streaming to the Live Events tab. The following image shows the events for a Container resource:

   

View metrics

You can view real-time metrics data as the container engine generates it on the Nodes or Controllers by selecting a Pod resource.

1. In the Azure portal, navigate to your AKS cluster.

2. Under Monitoring, select Insights.

3. Select the Nodes or Controllers tab, and then select the Pod object you want to view metrics for.

4. On the resource Overview page, select Live Metrics.

   Note

   To view the data from your Log Analytics workspace, select View Events in Log Analytics. To learn more about viewing historical logs, events, and metrics, see How to query logs from Container Insights.

   After successful authentication, if data can be retrieved, it begins streaming to the Live Metrics tab. The following image shows the metrics for a Pod resource:

   

Analyze monitoring data

There are many tools for analyzing monitoring data.

Azure Monitor tools

Azure Monitor supports the following basic tools:

• Metrics explorer, a tool in the Azure portal that allows you to view and analyze metrics for Azure resources. For more information, see Analyze metrics with Azure Monitor metrics explorer.

• Log Analytics, a tool in the Azure portal that allows you to query and analyze log data by using the Kusto query language (KQL). For more information, see Get started with log queries in Azure Monitor.

• The activity log, which has a user interface in the Azure portal for viewing and basic searches. To do more in-depth analysis, you have to route the data to Azure Monitor logs and run more complex queries in Log Analytics.

Tools that allow more complex visualization include:

• Dashboards that let you combine different kinds of data into a single pane in the Azure portal.
• Workbooks, customizable reports that you can create in the Azure portal. Workbooks can include text, metrics, and log queries.
• Grafana, an open platform tool that excels in operational dashboards. You can use Grafana to create dashboards that include data from multiple sources other than Azure Monitor.
• Power BI, a business analytics service that provides interactive visualizations across various data sources. You can configure Power BI to automatically import log data from Azure Monitor to take advantage of these visualizations.

Azure Monitor export tools

You can get data out of Azure Monitor into other tools by using the following methods:

• Metrics: Use the REST API for metrics to extract metric data from the Azure Monitor metrics database. The API supports filter expressions to refine the data retrieved. For more information, see Azure Monitor REST API reference.

• Logs: Use the REST API or the associated client libraries.

• Another option is the workspace data export.

To get started with the REST API for Azure Monitor, see Azure monitoring REST API walkthrough.

Monitoring overview page in Azure portal

The Monitoring tab on the Overview page for your AKS cluster resource offers a quick way to start viewing monitoring data in the Azure portal. This tab includes graphs with common metrics for the cluster separated by node pool. You can select any of these graphs to further analyze the data in the metrics explorer.

The Monitoring tab also includes links to Managed Prometheus and Container Insights for the cluster. If you need to enable these tools, you can enable them here. You might also see a banner at the top of the screen recommending that you enable other features to improve monitoring of your cluster.

Kusto queries

You can analyze monitoring data in the Azure Monitor Logs / Log Analytics store by using the Kusto query language (KQL).

For a list of common queries for any service, see the Log Analytics queries interface.

Alerts

Azure Monitor alerts proactively notify you when specific conditions are found in your monitoring data. Alerts allow you to identify and address issues in your system before your customers notice them. For more information, see Azure Monitor alerts.

There are many sources of common alerts for Azure resources. For examples of common alerts for Azure resources, see Sample log alert queries. The Azure Monitor Baseline Alerts (AMBA) site provides a semi-automated method of implementing important platform metric alerts, dashboards, and guidelines. The site applies to a continually expanding subset of Azure services, including all services that are part of the Azure Landing Zone (ALZ).

The common alert schema standardizes the consumption of Azure Monitor alert notifications. For more information, see Common alert schema.

Types of alerts

You can alert on any metric or log data source in the Azure Monitor data platform. There are many different types of alerts depending on the services you're monitoring and the monitoring data you're collecting. Different types of alerts have various benefits and drawbacks. For more information, see Choose the right monitoring alert type.

The following list describes the types of Azure Monitor alerts you can create:

• Metric alerts evaluate resource metrics at regular intervals. Metrics can be platform metrics, custom metrics, logs from Azure Monitor converted to metrics, or Application Insights metrics. Metric alerts can also apply multiple conditions and dynamic thresholds.
• Log alerts allow users to use a Log Analytics query to evaluate resource logs at a predefined frequency.
• Activity log alerts trigger when a new activity log event occurs that matches defined conditions. Resource Health alerts and Service Health alerts are activity log alerts that report on your service and resource health.

Some Azure services also support smart detection alerts, Prometheus alerts, or recommended alert rules.

For some services, you can monitor at scale by applying the same metric alert rule to multiple resources of the same type that exist in the same Azure region. Individual notifications are sent for each monitored resource. For supported Azure services, see Monitor multiple resources with one alert rule.

Prometheus metrics based alerts

When you enable collection of Prometheus metrics for your cluster, you can download a collection of recommended Prometheus alert rules. This download includes the following rules:

See How to create log alerts from Container Insights and How to query logs from Container Insights. Log alerts can measure two different things, which can be used to monitor in different scenarios:

• Result count: Counts the number of rows returned by the query and can be used to work with events such as Windows event logs, Syslog, and application exceptions.
• Calculation of a value: Makes a calculation based on a numeric column and can be used to include any number of resources. An example is CPU percentage.

Depending on the alerting scenario required, log queries need to be created comparing a DateTime to the present time by using the now operator and going back one hour. To learn how to build log-based alerts, see Create log alerts from Container insights.

AKS alert rules

The following table lists some suggested alert rules for AKS. These alerts are just examples. You can set alerts for any metric, log entry, or activity log entry listed in the Azure Kubernetes Service monitoring data reference.

Log based alerts

Log alerts allow you to alert on your data plane and control plane logs. Run queries at predefined intervals and create an alert based on the results. You may check for the count of certain records or perform calculations based on numeric columns.

See How to create log alerts from Container Insights and How to query logs from Container Insights. Log alerts can measure two different things, which can be used to monitor in different scenarios:

• Result count: Counts the number of rows returned by the query and can be used to work with events such as Windows event logs, Syslog, and application exceptions.
• Calculation of a value: Makes a calculation based on a numeric column and can be used to include any number of resources. An example is CPU percentage.

Network Observability

Network observability is an important part of maintaining a healthy and performant Kubernetes cluster. By collecting and analyzing data about network traffic, you can gain insights into how your cluster is operating and identify potential problems before they cause outages or performance degradation.

When the Network Observability add-on is enabled, it collects and converts useful metrics into Prometheus format, which can be visualized in Grafana. When enabled, the collected metrics are automatically ingested into Azure Monitor managed service for Prometheus. A Grafana dashboard is available in the Grafana public dashboard repo to visualize the network observability metrics collected by Prometheus. For more information, see Network Observability setup for detailed instructions.

Related content

• See Azure Kubernetes Service monitoring data reference for a reference of the metrics, logs, and other important values created for AKS.
• See Monitoring Azure resources with Azure Monitor for general details on monitoring Azure resources.