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CLUSTER BY 子句 (SELECT)

  • 项目

适用于：勾选“是” Databricks SQL 勾选“是” Databricks Runtime

根据输入表达式对数据进行重新分区，然后对每个分区中的数据进行排序。 这在语义上等效于执行 DISTRIBUTE BY，后跟 SORT BY。 此子句仅确保在每个分区内对生成行进行排序，并且不保证输出的总顺序。

语法

CLUSTER BY expression [, ...]

参数

  • expression

    指定生成值的一个或多个值、运算符和 SQL 函数的组合。

示例

> CREATE TEMP VIEW person (name, age)
    AS VALUES ('Zen Hui', 25),
              ('Anil B', 18),
              ('Shone S', 16),
              ('Mike A', 25),
              ('John A', 18),
              ('Jack N', 16);

-- Reduce the number of shuffle partitions to 2 to illustrate the behavior of `CLUSTER BY`.
-- It's easier to see the clustering and sorting behavior with less number of partitions.
> SET spark.sql.shuffle.partitions = 2;

-- Select the rows with no ordering. Please note that without any sort directive, the results
-- of the query is not deterministic. It's included here to show the difference in behavior
-- of a query when `CLUSTER BY` is not used vs when it's used. The query below produces rows
-- where age column is not sorted.
> SELECT age, name FROM person;
  16 Shone S
  25 Zen Hui
  16  Jack N
  25  Mike A
  18  John A
  18  Anil B

-- Produces rows clustered by age. Persons with same age are clustered together.
-- In the query below, persons with age 18 and 25 are in first partition and the
-- persons with age 16 are in the second partition. The rows are sorted based
-- on age within each partition.
> SELECT age, name FROM person CLUSTER BY age;
  18  John A
  18  Anil B
  25 Zen Hui
  25  Mike A
  16 Shone S
  16  Jack N